isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

okubhaliwe, kepha zonke zithuthukiswe ukuze ukufundisa okubhaliwe kube
yimpumelelo.
4.7.4.1 IZINGXENYE EZISEMQOKA EKUFUNDISWENI KOKUFUNDA OKUBHALIWE
(NECESSARY COMPONENTS OF READING)
Njengoba sengike ngachaza phambilini kulesi sahluko, uMnyango WezeMfundo (2008c,
p. 11) ubala izingxenye ezinhlanu ezibalulekile ekufundiseni ukufunda okubhaliwe
okuyilezi ezilandelayo: ulwazi lwezimelamsindo / lwemisindo, ulwazi lokuhlonza noma
lokubona amagama, ulwazimagama, ukufunda ngokungangingizi noma ngokunganqikazi,
kanye nokufunda ngokuqondisisa. Yileyo naleyo ngxenye kudingeka ukuthi ifundiswe
kubantwana, kwenziwe lokhu ngazo zonke izinsuku, kodwa kungafundwa lokhu
ngakodwana, kumele kube yingxenye yombhalo ofundwayo.
4.9.3.1.1 ULWAZI LWEZIMELAMSINDO (PHONEMIC AWARENESS)
Ulwazi lwezimelamsindo, okuyiqoqa elingaphansana kwe-phonological awareness 8
,
iwukukwazi ukuhlukanisa izimelamsindo ezihamba ngazodwana, noma izinhlamvu
ezakha igama. Kubalulekile ukuthi izimelamsindo zingehlukaniswe nemisindo eziyimele,
ngoba abantwana kumele bazi imisindo ngokuyikhuluma, bayazi nokuthi lapho isibhalwe
phansi iba njani. I-Teacher’s Handbook for Teaching Reading in the Early Grades (2007)
8 Phonological awareness: is the ability to segment language aurally. It refers to knowledge of the sound
units (phonemes) used in a language, including the ability to hear and produce separate phonemes. It is the
first component that supports the development of reading skills. Both phonological and phonemic
awareness are aural skills. Phonemic awareness is a subset of phonological awareness. According to
Wikipedia (2009), phonological awareness refers to an individual's awareness of the sound structure, or
phonological structure, of a spoken word. Some researchers use the term phonemic awareness to refer to
awareness of the smallest sound units (phonemes) and phonological awareness to refer to awareness of all
sound units (including phonemes, syllables, and words), but for the purposes of this project, I use the terms
interchangeably to refer to awareness of phonemes. It involves knowing that words are composed of sound
units and that sound units can be combined to form words. For example, the spoken word imali consists of
five phonemes: i/m/a/l/i. Phonological awareness refers to (1) the process of breaking a spoken word into
its sound units, such as being able to discriminate the sounds i/m/a/l/i when the word ‘imali’ is spoken, and
(2) the process of producing and blending sound units to form spoken words, such as being able to produce
and blend these five sounds when one wants to say the word ‘imali’.
137