isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

otho (qualitative research) umcwaningi nguyena oneqhaza elikhulu ekuqoqweni
kolwazi oludingwa lucwaningo. Ngaleyo ndlela kuye kuze kube sengathi lapho
abacwaningi bocwaningo lobungako botho bekhuluma ngobuqiniso nangokukholakala,
bakhuluma ngocwaningo okuyilonalona olukholakalayo nolunobuqiniso, kube sengathi
ucwaningo lobunjalo botho alukholakali futhi alunabo ubuqiniso, kanti cha akunjalo.
Nakulo ucwaningo lobunjalo botho buyatholakala ubuqiniso nokukholakala
(Nieuwenhuis, 2008, p. 80). ULincoln benoGuba (1985, p. 91), bengeza ngamagama
anjengalana: credibility, applicability, dependability, ne-conformability njengezinto
eziwukhiye ekutheni ucwaningo lube ngolunobuqiniso. Ngaleyo ndlela la matemu
omabili ‘ubuqiniso nokukholakala’ (reliability and validity) abukeka ebaluleke
ngokulinganayo. ULincoln noGuba bathi kungeke kwaba khona ukukholakala
ngaphandle kobuqiniso, ngenxa yokuthi ubukhona bokukholakala ocwaningweni,
yikhona okwenza ucwaningo lukholakale futhi lube nobuqiniso (1985, p. 316).
Ocwaningweni lobungako botho, udaba lokukholakala luncikene kakhulu nesibalo
sabacwaningwayo kanye nethuluzi elisetshenzisiwe ekuqoqweni kolwazi locwaningo.
Kanti ocwaningweni lobunjalo botho kunezinto ezinjenge-credibility yemiphumela
yocwaningo ezenzeka ngendlela eyehlukile. Okuyiyona nto esemqoka ubudlelwano
phakathi kolwazi oluqoqiwe kanye nezindikimba ezakhiwe ngumcwaningi ukuchaza
ngesimo leso noma ngabantu abacwaningayo. Kumele umcwaningi atshengise indlela
achaza ngayo ukufana nokungafani kwezindikimba abika ngazo, okuyinto okumele
ivumelane nokubhalwe lapho ashicilele khona ulwazi olukhulunyiwe nalolo aluthole
ngakubonile (transcriptions).
3.9.1 UKUKHOLAKALA (VALIDITY)
Ukukholakala kwethuluzi elisetshenziswa ukuqoqa ulwazi locwaningo kusho ukuthi
ithuluzi lelo lihlola lokho okufanele likuhlole (Leedy & Ormrod, 2005, p. 28). Ngaleyo
ndlela nakulo lolu cwaningo lokhu kwenzeka, kusetshenziswa ukukholakala
okungaphandle (external validity). UCohen, Manion noMorrison (2008, p. 136) babeka
ukuthi ukukholakala okungaphandle izinga elisho ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo
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