isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

� Imininingwane eyigugu: enjengemininingwane egciniwe (records), uhlu
lwamagama nokunye.
� Imisebenzi yobuciko: efana namathuluzi, izinto zokusebenza noma yiluphi
olunye uhlobo lwemisebenzi yobuciko ekwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi umcwaningi
lowo uke waba sendaweni yocwaningo.
� Ukuqaphelisisa ngqo (direct observation), okwenzeka lapho umcwaningi
evakashele endaweni yocwaningo.
� Ukuqaphelisisa komhlanganyeli (participant observation), okwenza umcwaningi
abe yingxenye ezehlakalweni noma esahlakalweni esicutshungulwayo.
Abacwaningi abaningi bayisebenzisa le ndlela yocwaningo lwesimo ukuphendula
imibuzo enjengokuthi “kanjani” (how) futhi “kungani” (why) (Nieuwenhuis, 2008, p.
75). Njengoba lolu cwaningo lunemibuzongqangi emithathu, owokuqala uqukethe la
magama: “Bathini othisha”...(what do teachers say...), owesibili “Bafundisa kanjani...”
(how do they teach...), kanti owesithathu uqukethe amazwi athi “kungani befundisa
ngendlela abenza ngayo”...(why do they teach in the way they do...). Lokhu kukhombisa
ukuthi indlela yocwaningo engiyikhethile iyahambisana nemibuzongqangi yalolu
cwaningo.
3.6 IZINDLELA KANYE NAMATHULUZI OKUQOQA ULWAZI
LOCWANINGO
Izindlela zokuthola ulwazi locwaningo zihlanganisa indlela yezingxoxo noma
inhlololwazi okuvame ukuthi kube inhlololwazi esakuhleleka (semi structured interview),
ukubuka okwenziwa abahlanganyeli bocwaningo, nokunye (Marton & Booth, 1997, p.
130). Lokhu kuvamile nakulo ucwaningo lwesimo, njengoba kuyizona zindlela ezivame
ukusetshenziswa ngabacwaningi bocwaningo lwesimo, nokuyizona ezisetshenzisiwe
ngenkathi kuqoqwa ulwazi lwalolu cwaningo. Inhloso yendlela yezingxoxo ukuba
umcwaningi axoxe nomhlanganyeli wocwaningo. Umhlanganyeli wocwaningo umtshela
ngakwaziyo, ajwayele ukukwenza, akwenzayo, okuye kumehlele uma ekuleso simo,
njalonjalo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngendlela yokuthi ekugcineni umcwaningi nalowo
97