isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

khona nje ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala, kodwa ukukwazi ukuqonda lokho okufundayo
futhi. Lokhu ukusho ngoba lapho umuntu efunda, kumele akuqonde akufundayo.
Ngonyaka we-1970, u-Oxenham waphawula ngokuthi “cishe iminyaka eyizinkulungwane
eziyi-5 idlulile kwaqala ukufunda nokubhala kanti umhlaba wonke kuze kube manje
usalokhu ukhungathekile ngemizamo yokuthi abantu bakwazi ukufunda nokubhala,
nanokuthi nje yilona liphi izinga lolwazi lokufunda nokubhala umuntu okumele afike
kulona ukuze kuthiwe usefunde ngokwanele ukufunda nokubhala”. Kusukela ngaleso
sikhathi, kwabe sekuba nocwaningo olwehlukene olumayelana nokufunda nokubhala
kanye nokuthi kuyini, kanjalo nokufundiswa kwakho ezikoleni. Mabili-ke amamodeli e-
literacy abe eseqhamuka; okuyi-autonomous model kanye ne-cultural model.
Ngokwe-autonomous model, ukufunda (to learn) ukubhala nokufunda, nokufunda
okubhaliwe kuyinto esemqoka kakhulu njengoba kukhulisa ngisho ingqondo, indlela
umuntu acabanga ngayo, kanye nokukhumbula kanye nendlela esikusebenzisa ngayo
ukufunda nokubhala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-cultural/ideological model yona ibheka
izincazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kokubhala nokufunda kanye namasiko ahlukene
(different cultures) futhi ibuke nokwenzeka emphakathini (Wragg et al, 1998, p. 26). Iideological
model yiyona esetshenziswa kakhulu kune-autonomous model. Isikhathi
esiningi i-autonomous model ayinaki ukubaluleka kokwenzeka emphakathini ukuze
ukufunda kube ngokunomqondo. Yingakho abacwaningi abaningi bekhetha i-ideological
model ngoba yona igxila nasezintweni ezenzeka emiphakathini lapho kufundiswa
ukufunda nokubhala.
Lapho sibheka, kusukela ngeminyaka ye-1950, ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala
kwezemfundo kwakuyiyona nto okwakugxilwe kuyo, lapho kubhekwa ngokwamamodeli
nezinjulalwazi, izindlela zokufundisa, kanye nasocwaningweni. Ucwaningo oluningi
lwangaleso sikhathi lwalugqame ngokuba ngolwama- paradigms e-psychology, ayezama
ukuqonda ukufunda, ukubhala, ukupela, kanye nokufunda ngokuqondisisa njengezinto
ezisondelene nokwengqondo/ nokusebenza komqondo nendlela ethile yokwenza ukuze
kwenziwe ngcono ukufundiswa kokufunda nokubhala (Bharuthram, 2006, p. 31).
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