isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

kuphela, kodwa nomuntu omdala uyafunda ekunoma yisiphi isigaba sokukhula.
UFlanagan (1995) uphawula nangokuthi abantu abayeki ukufunda (to learn) ukufunda
okubhaliwe, bakwenza lokhu impilo yabo yonke baze bafe, ngenxa yokuthi umuntu
ngeke nje athi usazi konke ngokufunda okubhaliwe. Ngamanye amazwi asikho isigaba
lapho ukufunda ukufunda okubhaliwe (learning to read) kuphela khona, kume kungabe
kusenzeka (Joubert et al, 2008, p. 84).
Yize ukuthi i-interactive model ihlanganisa kokubili i-top down kanye ne-bottom up,
ithatha lokhu okuyizimpawu ezinhle zawo omabili la mamodeli. Kungenxa yalesi
sizathu-ke ukuthi le modeli yaziwe ngokuthi iyinjulalwazi eyingxube (combination
theory). Ngale ndlela uRumelhart ubeka ukuthi i-interactive model ayiyona i-bottom up
model futhi ayiyona i-top down, iyinhlanganisela yakho kokubili (Tracy & Morrow,
2006, p. 139). UMcCormick (1988) ubeka uthi: “An interactive reading model attempts
to combine the valid insights of bottom-up and top-down models”. Kanjalo noTracey
benoMorrow (2006) bagcizelela ukuthi:
The interactive model attempts to take into account the strong points of the
bottom-up and top-down models, and tries to avoid the criticisms levelled
against each, making it one of the most promising approaches to the theory
of reading today.
(Tracey & Morrow, p. 138)
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu esibalwe ngenhla, i-interactive model ithatha ngokuthi kokubili i-
bottom-up ne-top-down model kunokuthile okubalulekile ngakho, ekwaziyo ukukuthatha
ikusebenzise. Ngokwe-interactive model, ukufunda umbhalo kusho ukwakhiwa
komqondo wokufundwayo ekilasini, lapho uthisha efundisa, abantwana bafunde (Ruddell
& Unrau, 1994, p, 998), lapho okumqoka kuba nguthisha, umbhalo ofundwayo, kanye
nomfundi (Ruddell & Unrau, 2004, p. 1464). Ngesikhathi kufundwa ekilasini, abafundi
bombhalo basebenzisa ulwazi abanalo kanye namakhono abo okufunda izinhlamvu
namagama kanye nemisho (their decoding abilities) ukuthola umqondo wokuqukethwe
ngumbhalo. Ngesikhathi kwenzeka lokhu, lezi zingxenye ezintathu, okunguthisha,
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