isahluko 1 - UKZN ResearchSpace - University of KwaZulu-Natal

Ucwaningo luyatshengisa futhi ukuthi i-Whole Language Approach iyona ekulungele
ukufundisa abantwana abasebancane abasaqala isikole ukuze babe nolwazi olungcono
lwezimelamsindo nemisindo ngoba abantwana abangakutholi lokhu kuthuthuka
ngesikhathi bengena isikole baye babe nenkinga yokufunda okubhaliwe (McKeough
nabanye, 2006; Duffy, 2009; Nicholson, 2006; Dickinson & Neuman, 2006). Ngaphandle
kwezincwadi ezinezithombe kuphela ezifundwa ngabantwana, ukuqonda okubhaliwe
akulula ukuba kwenzeke lapho umfundi engakwazi ukufunda amagama asembhalweni,
okuyinto engalekelelwa ukuba umntwana abe nalo ulwazi lwemisindo nezimelamsindo.
Ngaleyo ndlela kubalulekile ukuba umntwana akwazi ukufunda amagama aqukethwe
umbhalo (decoding).
I –National Reading Panel (NRP) (2000) nayo iyagcizelela ukuba umntwana athi
esesenkulisa, abe eseqalile efundiswa ulwazi lwezimelamsindo nemisindo, okuyingxenye
ebalulekile ekufundeni okubhaliwe (McKeough et al, 2006, p. 57). Nokho-ke i-NRP
(2000) iyakugcizelela ukuthi nakuba ukufundisa izimelamsindo kubalulekile, kodwa
lokhu kufanele kube yisendlalelo sokufundisa ukufunda okubhaliwe. Ibeka ukuthi
kungumqondo omuhle ukuthi uthisha athathe isikhathi esingangemizuzu eyishumi
nsukuzonke ukwenza lokhu lapho efundisa ukufunda okubhaliwePressley & Hilden,
2006; NRP, 2000). Ngaleyo ndlela lokhu akusho ukuthi uthisha usengathatha isikhathi
sonke sokufundisa ukufunda okubhaliwe efundisa ulwazi lwezimelamsindo.
Izimelamsindo (phonemes) yizingxenyana ezincane emagameni abhalwe phansi, kanjalo
nemisindo iyizingxenye ezincane emisindweni ekhulunywayo. Isibonelo, igama ‘iso’
linomsindo ogqamile u-‘s’. Lo msindo lapho usubhalwe phansi usuyisimelamsindo.
OPhillips benoTorgesen (2006) babeka ukuthi ulwazi lwezimelamsindo lulekelela
ekukhuliseni ikhono lokufunda ngokungangingizi/ ngokunganqikazi. Ngaphandle
kolwazi lwezimelamsindo, abantwana bangathwala kalukhuni lapho kufanele bafunde
baphimise amagama, futhi bangekwazi ukufunda baqonde amagama asenkulumeni.
Lapho befunda ukufunda umbhalo nokubhala, abantwana kumele bazi izinhlamvu
ezikulelo nalelo gama.
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