Tactical Nuclear Weapons and NATO.pdf - Program on Strategic ...

16, 1968, pp. 14-15. See also <strong>NATO</strong> Information Service, The North
Atlantic Treaty Organisation, 1949-1989, Brussels, Belgium: <strong>NATO</strong>
Information Service, 1989, p. 218.
15. For a similar view, see Paul Bracken, Fire in the East: The
Rise of Asian Military Power <strong>and</strong> the Second <strong>Nuclear</strong> Age, New York:
HarperCollins, 1999, pp. 25-77.
16. Tellingly, U.S. deployment of nuclear weapons to its naval
forces in the Pacific was considerably more modest than in the Atlantic,
where North Atlantic Treaty Organization (<strong>NATO</strong>) navies
would face the main onslaught of the Soviet Navy. See Norris et
al., “Where They Were,” p. 32, citing declassified History.
17. For an assessment of this phenomenon, originally written
in 1991, see Andrew F. Krepinevich, Jr., The Military-Technical
Revolution: A Preliminary Assessment, Washington, DC: Center for
Strategic <strong>and</strong> Budgetary Assessments, 2002.
18. Norris et al., “Where They Were,” pp. 30-31, citing declassified
History.
19. See Hans M. Kristensen, “A History of U.S. <strong>Nuclear</strong> <strong>Weapons</strong>
in South Korea,” September 28, 2005, available from www.
nukestrat.com/korea/koreahistory.htm. See also citations in Keith
Payne et al., U.S. Extended Deterrence <strong>and</strong> Assurance in Northeast
Asia, Fairfax, VA: National Institute of Public Policy Press, 2010,
notes 21, 44.
20. Hans M. Kristensen, Japan Under the <strong>Nuclear</strong> Umbrella: U.S.
<strong>Nuclear</strong> <strong>Weapons</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Nuclear</strong> War Planning in Japan During the Cold
War, Berkeley, CA: The Nautilus Institute, 1999, pp. 26-29, citing
declassified U.S. Government documents. A contemporaneous
declassified CINCPAC Comm<strong>and</strong> History named only U.S. <strong>and</strong>
South Korean locations for U.S. nuclear weapons as of 1976. See
Comm<strong>and</strong>er in Chief, U.S. Pacific Comm<strong>and</strong>, CINCPAC Comm<strong>and</strong>
History 1977, Vol. II, September 1, 1978, p. 431, available from
oldsite.nautilus.org/archives/library/security/foia/Japan/CINCPA
C77IIp431.PDF; Hayes et al., American Lake, pp. 224-225.
21. For more on this topic, see Elbridge A. Colby, “The United
States <strong>and</strong> Discriminate <strong>Nuclear</strong> Options in the Cold War,” in Jef-
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