Tactical Nuclear Weapons and NATO.pdf - Program on Strategic ...

ENDNOTES - CHAPTER 9
1. Susi Snyder <strong>and</strong> Wilbert van der Zeijden, “Withdrawal
Issues: What <strong>NATO</strong> Countries Say About the Future of <strong>Tactical</strong>
<strong>Nuclear</strong> <strong>Weapons</strong> in Europe,” Report by IKV Pax Christi, Netherl<strong>and</strong>s,
March 2011, p. 2.
2. The German Marshall Fund’s 2011 Transatlantic Trends
survey finds that 62 percent of the public in 12 European countries
still see <strong>NATO</strong> as “essential,” but this figure must be tested
against the willingness of European publics to contribute financially
to the Alliance, available from www.gmfus.org/publications_/
TT/TT2011_final.<strong>pdf</strong>. Regarding the issue of financial support,
see the important speech by former Secretary of Defense Robert
Gates in which he noted that only four of 26 European allies
were exceeding the agreed-upon <strong>NATO</strong> defense contribution of
2 percent of gross domestic product. Gates warned of the “real
possibility of collective military irrelevance” if this trend were to
continue. The Secretary also notified his listeners that there was a
“dwindling appetite <strong>and</strong> patience” within the U.S. Congress <strong>and</strong>
among the American people for a situation in which the United
States carried a disproportionate amount of the financial burden
for <strong>NATO</strong>’s collective defense, available from www.defense.gov/
Transcripts/Transcript.aspx?TranscriptID=4839.
3. Simon Lunn, “The Role <strong>and</strong> Place of <strong>Tactical</strong> <strong>Nuclear</strong> <strong>Weapons</strong>—A
<strong>NATO</strong> Perspective,” Chap. 10, <strong>Tactical</strong> <strong>Nuclear</strong> <strong>Weapons</strong>
<strong>and</strong> <strong>NATO</strong>, Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army
War College, 2012, p. 1.
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