Tactical Nuclear Weapons and NATO.pdf - Program on Strategic ...

<strong>and</strong> by international experts to increase transparency,
according to Rose Gottemoeller, Assistant Secretary of
State for Verification, Compliance, <strong>and</strong> Implementation.
Russian experts favor a more limited exchange
of data on delivery systems <strong>and</strong> warheads, seeing no
reason to agree to exchange data before the start of
negotiations. This has not been past practice in arms
control negotiations. 63
The fourth obstacle Kozin describes as the integration
of a negotiated tactical nuclear agreement into a
complex web of other arms control <strong>and</strong> security issues.
64 Smaller strategic <strong>and</strong> tactical nuclear arsenals
should have as their goal strengthening strategic stability,
but lower strategic <strong>and</strong> tactical nuclear force
levels could create incentives for the development of
space-based systems, a direction in which Washington
appears to be moving. And this would undermine
strategic stability. 65 Fifth, there is the issue of modifying
the CFE Treaty. The United States <strong>and</strong> <strong>NATO</strong>
enjoy both quantitative <strong>and</strong> qualitative superiority in
the five classes of weapons counted in the treaty, even
as <strong>NATO</strong> has improved its position by its expansion,
including states that were once part of the Warsaw
Treaty Organization. <strong>NATO</strong> also engages in the deployment
of its forces in combat roles outside of the
territory of alliance members <strong>and</strong> conducts sustained,
high-intensity combat operations that keep these forces
on a wartime footing. U.S. plans for the development
of a missile defense shield in Eastern Europe offer
one further complication to negotiations on limiting
TNWs. Kozin concludes that there is little prospect for
successful negotiations on limiting TNWs. The need
for parallel decisions on a series of other strategically
important problems affecting the regional <strong>and</strong> global
balance of forces, including Washington’s plans to
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