TORKiYE BAROLAR BiRÙ G%i. il - Türkiye Barolar Birliği Yayınları

AKJUELLE ENTWICKIIJNGEN 1M STAATSANGEHÖRIGKEITS -, AUSLİNDER- UND FIÜCHTLINGSRECIITARTICIL BY 5. There isa quota of about 114,000 visas a year for spousesPHILIP?MRTIN and children of immigrants, making the usual wait betweenan application for a family unification visa and itsavailability about five years. There 15 no wait for US citizensto obtain irnmigrant visas for spouses and children,encouraging naturalization to speed up famiiy unification.Other reasons cited for the recent spike in naturalizations includeexcitement over the 2008 election and fear of encounterswith police due to stepped up interior enforcement.Perspectives on the rise of double citizenship can be frarnedby two extremes. Those who believe transnational communitlesare the emerging norm beheve that double citizenship conferswidespread beneflts, ranging from encouraging more immigrantsto naturalize in the VS to enhancing their individual opportunities.Those who oppose dauble citizenship emphasizethat it may retard integration into the US, may increase weifarecosts, and may compiicate US interests in times of confiict.Opponents of double citizenship seized on polis conductedin the US after the 9/11 ten-orist attacks that found a rnajority ofyoung Muslim VS citizens wouid favor a Muslim country over theUS in a conflict.Schoiars agree that double citizenship is increasing with thesupport of both the US and foreign governments and new patternsof circular migration. Most af the scholarly debate is overthe meaning of US citizenship in the 21't century. Is naturalizationmore like joining a club hat an individual can later leave if he/she finds a better offer, or is naturalization a farmal commitmentmore ak ın ta marriage that can not be abandoned lightly?V. Dual Nationality and immigrant IntegrationUS immigrant integratian policy is largeiy a non-policy, thatis, immigrants are adrnitted, but there are few government programsta "integrate" thern. The exception is refugees, who areeligible for assistance upon an-ival. NGOs, often church-related,receive federal funds ta help refugees firıd housing and jobs.190