28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

5096.1 Night vision systems in cars: Principles and recommendations, Wenchen Li 1 , Bo
Schenkman 2 , Kjell Brunnstromc 3 , 1 Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada,
2 3
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm University, Sweden, Department of Optical Engineering, Acreo
AB, Sweden
Driving a car at night and the effects of using a vision enhancement system, especially those based
on infrared image information are reviewed. Principles and a short technical background are given
for night vision systems in cars, primarily when using an infrared camera. The following issues
are discussed: Human vision at night, infrared image information and human factors of night
vision systems. These are eye movements, reaction time, and lateral position, workload of the
driver. Recommendations, based on visual ergonomics, for where to put the image are given, for
which suitable image distances, locations and sizes are discussed.
5096.2 Sensory anticipations in the control of voluntary behavior, Joachim Hoffmann,
University of Wuerzburg, Germany
Anticipations of sensory consequences of actions have been shown to be effective in perception
(re-afference principle) as well as in the control of actions (ideo-motor principle). The talk
presents recent evidence for the impact sensory anticipations have on the selection, the initiation,
and the execution of voluntary acts. The mechanisms which may mediate these influences are
discussed and an elaborated version of the ideo-motor principle is presented.
5096.3 Effect of structuring the workspace on cognitive and sensorimotor distance estimation:
No dissociation between perception and action, Yann Coello, Orianne Iwanow, University of
Lille, France
Independent processing for perception and action is supported by visual illusions studies showing
that illusory configuration influence verbal but not reaching performance. This study aims at
quantifying the influence of a textured background on the cognitive-sensorimotor processing of
egocentric distance. Subjective area comprising reachable objects (cognitive task) decreased
whereas the amplitude of pointing movement (sensorimotor task) increased with the textured
background. The opposite effect, confirmed by the percentage of background influence, which
highly correlated in the cognitive and sensorimotor tasks suggested that targets were perceived
closer in darkness. Visual processing for perception and action cannot be dissociated from context
influence.
5096.4 Cue-weighting in the processing of egocentric distance, Jennifer Campos, Bonnie
Chiong, George Chan, Hong-Jin Sun, McMaster University, Canada
During navigation, humans recruit many different sources of information to monitor distance,
including: static visual cues, dynamic visual cues (optic flow), and nonvisual cues
(proprioceptive/efferent and vestibular). In a series of studies conducted in a large-scale, outdoor
environment, subjects were presented with a distance via various cue combinations and were
required to match this distance using the same or different cue combinations. Probe trials were
also used to assess performance after learning two distances that were supposedly identical, but in
fact differed in magnitude. The results were fitted to a linear model involving a weighted average
of various cues.
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