28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

demand. A second study (N=64) sought to dissociate effects of supply and demand from direct and
indirect causation. It was found that children can understand supply and demand to a larger extent
than was thought, and that Demand effects are easier to understand than supply effects.
1017.2 Perception of economic competition among French and Hungarian secondary school
students, M. Fülöp 1 , C. Roland-Levy 2 , 1 Institute for Psychology, Hungarian Academy of
Sciences, Budapest, Hungary; 2 University Rene Descartes Paris 5, Boulogne, France
In this study French and Hungarian secondary school students’ perception of and attitude towards
economic competition, business life and entrepreneurs, are compared. French students grew up in
a society with long-term transitions of market economy, while their Hungarian peers live in a
transitory society changing state controlled economy to market economy. We applied a
questionnaire specifically designed to reveal the potential similarities and differences between
these two different cultural groups. The paper will discuss the potential long-terming effects of the
different mentalities between young people coming from a post-socialist society and/or from a
traditional capitalist market economy.
1017.3 Income evaluation and tax evasion, E. Kirchler, University of Wien, Vienna, Austria
Working hard for one's own income should lead to higher valuation of the salary and people
should, according to source dependence theory, be more reluctant to paying taxes out of their
pockets than people with low work effort. According to “reverse” sunk costs theory, the opposite
should be true. These contradicting hypotheses were tested in an experimental labor market.
Participants imagined being architects running a project first in a hard working condition, second
in a low effort condition. At the end they were paid and had to complete their tax file. The results
support a “reverse” sunk costs effect.
1017.4 When probablity does not matter. The psychology of economic choices, T. Tyska 1 , T.
Zaleskiewicz 2 , 1 Center for Market Psychology of Leon Kozminski, Warsaw, Poland; 2 Wroclaw
University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
Standard decision theory requires that before making an economic choice the decision maker
should analyze the information about the values of outcomes and probabilities. However,
empirical evidence shows that in naturalistic situations people may become insensitive to the
changes in probabilities of outcomes. The main goal of the present research was to examine in
what kinds of economic decision situations people’s sensitivity to probabilities increases. We
performed an experiment, in which we found that in pure financial scenarios people’s choices
follow changes in the value of the probability of success. However, in mixed economic-ethical
problems decision makers seem to be not sensitive to the likelihoods of uncertain events and to
follow social norms.
1018 INVITED SYMPOSIUM
Advances in psychology and law and forensic psychology
Convener and Chair: J.R. Ogloff, Australia
1018.1 Intention and consequences in Australian law: Implications for psychological research
and theory, D. Thomson, D. Neveling, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia
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