28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

1081.1 A latent class typology of nicotine withdrawal in men, Hong Xian, Jeffrey Scherrer,
Pamela Madden, Seth Eisen, Michael Lyons, Washington University in St. Louis and St. Louis
VAMC, USA
This study investigated the typology of nicotine withdrawal in male smokers. Data were obtained
from 4,112 male twins of Vietnam Era Twin Registry in 1992. Latent Class Analyses was applied
to identify significantly different nicotine withdrawal profiles. Four classes (subtypes) were
identified which represented a severity continuum. Psychiatric disorders were significantly
associated with more severe classes. Genetic contributions accounted for 31% and 37% of the
variance in risk for withdrawal and failed smoking cessation, respectively. The genetic
contributions were significantly correlated (r=0.37). Further refinement of the DSM definition of
withdrawal to allow for severity may be warranted.
1081.2 Genetic covariance between nicotine and alcohol dependence: The contributions from
antisocial personality disorder and major depression, Qiang (John) Fu 1 , Andrew C. Heath 2 ,
Kathleen K. Bucholz 2 , Williams R. True 1 , Ming T. Tsuang 3 , 1 Saint Louis University, USA;
2 3
Washington University in St. Louis, USA; Harvard University and Boston University, USA
This study was to investigate the genetic contributions of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD)
and major depression (MD) to the common genetic risk for nicotine dependence (ND) and alcohol
dependence (AD). We analyzed 3,360 middle aged male twin pairs who participated in a
telephone survey of drug abuse using structural equation modeling. We found that the genetic
correlation between ND and AD was reduced from 0.68 to 0.31 after controlling for the genetic
influences of ASPD, rather than MD. Thus, the genetic liability to ASPD is a major factor
underlying the common genetic vulnerability between ND and AD in men.
1081.3 The environment and genetics influence on the development of attention, Li Li, Xuejun
Bai, Deli Shen, Tianjin Normal University, China
The current research examined 3 selective attention abilities of 22 primary school twins (11 MZ,11
DZ) and 22 middle school twins (11 MZ,11 DZ).The experimental tasks include Stroop Task,
Planned Connections, Visual Search as well as Raven’s Progressive Matrices. Results suggest
selective attention abilities were influenced genetically because the r coefficient of MZ is higher
than DZ in the every task. With the age increases, the effect of hereditary factor to attention
declines. The r coefficient of IQ is 0.841 and 0.849 in the primary and middle MZ, but 0.603 and
0.204 in the primary and middle DZ.
1081.4 The genetic and environment influences on the development of memory: Evidences
from twins, Xuejun Bai, Deli Shen, Li Li, Tianjin Normal University, China
Using the classical twin design, this study investigates the influence of genetic and environment
factors on the development of memory.44 pairs of twins (22 monozygotic, MZ; 22 dizygotic, DZ)
participated, they are primary school students and middle school students. Each subject was
individual measured his/her STM span, WM span, the speed of retrieval information from LTM
and Raven’s Progressive Matrices. Results suggest the development of memory influenced by
genetic. The relation of IQ of the MZ is higher than the DZ, and also the relations of STM, WM
and LTM of MZ are higher than the DZ.
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