28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

Australia, Adelaide, Australia
The paper examines the neuropsychological effects that petrol sniffing had upon Aboriginal
patients in Central Australia. An historical context to petrol-sniffing is outlined, and
neuropsychological assessments results are provided and compared with a non-sniffing Aboriginal
sample. Results indicated that all petrol-sniffing subjects were significantly cognitively impaired.
In most cases the impairment was associated with executive brain functioning. Petrol-sniffers also
exhibited feelings of worthlessness, being unwanted by the community, poor self-esteem, violent
behaviour, disinhibition, sexual promiscuous behaviour and a tendency to follow others. The paper
concluded with recommendations regarding community protection, long-term supports, prevention
strategies and relevant legislation.
1019 INVITED SYMPOSIUM
Children’s development in China and the United States
Convener and Chair: L.A. Camras, USA
1019.1 Emotional expression in American, Japanese, and Chinese infants, H. Oster 1 , L.A.
Camras 2 , J.J. Campos 3 , R. Bakeman 4 , Z. Meng 5 , T. Ujiie 6 , 1 New York University, New York,
NY, USA; 2 DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA; 3 University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA;
4 5 6
Georgia State University, Altlanta, GA, USA; Peking University, Beijing, China; Nagoya
University, Nagoya, Japan
American, Chinese, and Japanese infants were videotaped during procedures designed to elicit
mild anger/frustration (arm restraint) and fear (growling toy gorilla). The infants did not produce
differentiated facial expressions of anger or fear in the two procedures. Instead, they showed
generalized distress expressions, with components of cry faces of varying intensity. There were
significant procedure differences in visual fixation, facial stilling, and body movements. These
suggested that the procedures elicited the target emotions, as well as different emotion regulation
and coping strategies. The repertoire of facial expressions did not differ across cultures, but
differences in frequency and intensity were observed.
1019.2 Locomotor experience precedes major spatial cognitive and social changes: A
cross-cultural perspective, J.J. Campos 1 , Z. Meng 2 , Q. Dong 3 , S. Tao 3 , 1 University of California,
Berkeley, CA, USA; 2 Peking University, Beijing, China; 3 Beijing Normal University, Beijing,
China
We examine the influence of locomotor experience on performance in a cognitive task (search for
hidden object) and a social task (joint visual attention). During the 1980s and 1990s, cultural and
ecological factors in urban China resulted in a 3.5-month delay (relative to Bayley Scale norms) in
the onset of locomotion. Our question was whether this delay in locomotor onset resulted in delays
in cognitive and social tasks. We also asked whether rapid improvement on these tasks occurred
following the acquisition of locomotion. Our data confirm that locomotor experience is a factor in
bringing about developmental changes in task performance.
1019.3 Adopted Chinese children: Mental and motor development and emotional expressivity,
L.A. Camras 1 , Y. Chen 2 , R. Bakeman 3 , 1 DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA; 2 Beijing Normal
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