28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

1098.33 A research on the strategy of younger children in numberica estimation process,
Hongqiu Jia, South China Normal University, China
32 children were ask to perform a number_to_position task in different conditions.Experiment1
involved a 25cm number line for 0-100 scale and 0-1000 scale. The result revealed the children
had a logrithmic numberical representation in a large scale and a linear representation in a small
one. In experiment2,5cm number-line is for 0-100scale and 50cm line is for 0-1000scale.The
finding is completely inverse. The results suggest that younger children had a internal length
strategy in numberical estimation process, when they have not obtained the landmark-base
estimation strategy just like adults. This kind of intuitive, internal length strategy is possible
source of children's estimation difficulties.
1098.34 Heuristic factors in choosing positive diagnostic and negative diagnostic test, Zhi Ya
Liu, Lei Mo, Xiu Li Tong, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
Studied the heuristic factors in choosing positive diagnostic and negative diagnostic Test. 592
college students participated in 4 experiments. The results show that (1) participants are
significantly more likely to prefer positive tests over negative tests, and diagnostic tests over
nondiagnostic test. (2) participants are tended to choose negative tests question between the
positive nondiagnostic and negative diagnostic test. (3) offering falsify sample or enhancing
positive complexity promotes negative diagnostic test. The result consisted with the predicting of
mental model theory. A conversion-mechanism provides a complemented explanation for the
model theory.
1098.35 Causal judgments in the concentrative presentations of information with different
external representations, Moyun Wang, Xiaolan Fu, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing, China
An experiment was conducted to investigate causal judgments in the concentrative presentation of
information with the three different external representations. It was found that judgments of causal
power of single causal relationships had the four characteristics: (a) More judgments conformed to
the Power PC theory in preventive causes, but conversely most judgments conformed to the DP
rule in generative causes; (b) the three representations had no impact on causal judgments in
generative causes, but had the impact on those in preventive causes, (c) no participant used pCI
rule; and (d) there were obvious individual differences in causal judgments.
1098.36 The compound mental model of individuals’ solving of five-term series problem,
Zhongming Zhang, Hong Li, Southwest China Normal University, China
Six experiment conditions have been designed to explore the compound mental model of
individuals' solving of five-term series problems accomplished by 200 children and adolescents
aged 10~20. The result shows: (1) individuals' transitive reasoning ability is developed by the
series of spatial model, linguistic-spatial mixed model, linguistic model and pivot model, and
finally forms the compound mental model constructed by the above four sub-models with the
pivot as its core; (2) the compound mental model follows parsimony principle, and after
individuals form the model, what kind of sub-model they take depends on the degree of problems'
being imaged.
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