28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

aesthetic preferences using artificially manipulated photographic portraits. We manipulated the
size of models, the sharpness of background images, the width of the backgrounds. The results
indicated that East Asians are more likely than Americans to prefer (1) small models, (2) wider
backgrounds and (3) blurred backgrounds. The relationships between patterns of attention and
aesthetic preferences were discussed.
4028.44 The impact of implicit theories and self-efficacy on acculturation strategies: A
social-cognitive model, Carmen Tabernero 1 , Alicia Arenas 2 , Elena Briones 2 , David
Palenzuela 2 , Jose M. Arana 2 , 1 University of Cordoba, Spain; 2 University of Salamanca, Spain
From a social-cognitive perspective, this study proposes a model to identify some variables of
student's cultural adaptation, to avoid the social exclusion and to improve the processes of the
scholars' acculturation in the educational centres. The model shows the relationships through
analysis of variables to impact on acculturation stress and followed strategies for the integration.
An assembly causal model of acculturation processes is presented: self-regulatory mechanisms
(self-efficacy and collective efficacy, personal and social implicit theories of culture adaptation,
expectations of future and perceived social support) as mediators and moderators on the processes
of adaptation, confrontation and perceived acculturation stress.
4028.45 Hope, trust, stress, and depression in Japanese and Chinese junior high school students,
Hirozumi Watanabe 1 , David Crystal 2 , 1 Ehime University, Japan; 2 Georgetown University, USA
The purpose of the study was to clarify the differences between Japanese and Chinese junior high
school students in respect of hope, trust, stress, and depression. Results showed that Chinese hope
and trust scores were higher, and that stress and depression scores were lower, than those of
Japanese. Additionally, Chinese stress and depression were related mainly to individual
performance (i.e. academic achievement), whereas Japanese stress and depression were related to
interpersonal relationships (i.e. with parents or peers). Findings are discussed in terms of
differences in socio-economic background and the individualism-collectivism paradigm on a
personal level.
4028.46 Analysis of the relationship between acculturation and language proficiency,
Magdalena Varela, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
396 international students were investigated. They were applied an acculturation scale, as well as a
battery of tests which diverse variables associated to a successful acculturation were evaluated.
From the acculturation scale the language proficiency variable was taken, and it was put under
several statistical analyses. In the covariance analysis it was observed that this variable is affected
in a very significant way by time of residence and nationality variables. Information that is
reported in this study is very important because it had not been considered in other studies, thus, is
pioneering in the psycho-social research.
4028.47 The Chinese family relationship, Chunli Yi, Peking University, China
Chinese people as a hereditarily and culturally unique group, their psychological pattern has been
rooted in distant past. What made Chinese different from other ethnic and cultural group? 1) The
geography of China made Chinese people choose certain familial organization. 2) The traditional
familial organization shape the family relationship transmitted from generation to generation: the
859