28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

Greenglass, York University, Toronto, Canada
Traditionally, coping has been conceptualized as reactive since it dealt with stressful events that
had already occurred. In contrast, proactive coping is oriented towards the future. It consists of
efforts to build up general resources that facilitate promotion of challenging goals. Proactive
coping incorporates a confirmatory and positive approach to dealing with stressors and includes
intentions and actions directed towards improving quality of life. This paper examines recent
empirical and theoretical developments pertaining to proactive coping and its role in reducing
stress. Data are presented in which the above theoretical model is applied to different samples
including community-dwelling elderly and in-patients in a physical rehabilitation hospital.
1023.4 When problem solving is not effective do adolescents turn to non-productive coping
strategies? E. Frydenberg 1 , R. Lewis 2 , 1 Univesity of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia; 2 Latrobe
University, Bundoora, Australia
A sample of 1264 adolescents from Melbourne, Australia completed the General form of the
Adolescent Coping Scale to evaluate the proposition that it is only after trying unsuccessfully to
utilise problem-solving strategies that adolescents turn to non-productive emotion-focused
strategies. Although adolescents who reported weaker problem-solving efficacy were more likely
to give up and give in, they did not utilise more of the non-productive strategies such as do not tell
anyone, self-blame, wishful thinking, tension reduction or worry. In contrast, eight productive
strategies associated with more effective problem solving. The implications of these findings are
discussed.
1024 INVITED SYMPOSIUM
Traffic accidents: Psychological contribution to analysis and prevention
Convener and Chair: K. Renge, Japan
1024.1 Elderly drivers’ hazard perception and driving performance, K. Renge 1 , T. Ishibashi 2 ,
M. Oiri 3 , H. Ota 4 , S. Tsunenari 5 , M. Mukai 6 , 1 Tezukayama University, Nara, Japan; 2 Institute
for ErgoSciences, Osaka, Japan; 3 Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan; 4 Tohoku Institute of
Technology, Sendai, Japan; 5 Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; 6 Chukyo University,
Nagoya, Japan
The present study focuses on elderly drivers’ driving performance such as drivers’ searching head
movements and driving speed. The behavioral and evaluative measures were compared between
age groups such as middle-aged and elderly drivers. A hazard perception test was conducted.
Participants totaled 198 drivers, of which 36 were middle-aged (from 30 to 54 years old), 32
semi-elderly (from 55 to 64 years old), 88 junior-elderly (from 65 to 74 years old), and 42
senior-elderly (over 75 years old) drivers. Elderly drivers showed fewer searching head
movements and also much lower ability to perceive hazards than younger drivers.
1024.2 Accident investigation system in Finland: Goals and methods, E. Keskinen, University
of Turku, Turku, Finland
In Finland all fatal motor vehicle accidents are studied in-depth on-the-spot by multidisciplinary
(police, road and vehicle engineers, physician psychologist) accident investigation teams
(legislation 2001, work started 1969), which operate in every province. Purpose of the teams is to
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