28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

study examined whether family environment and parental characteristics influence the
development of TKS. Two-hundred and three undergraduate students completed a set of
questionnaires measuring TKS, family sociability, parental fear of negative evaluation, and
parental rearing attitudes. Results indicated that less family sociability, higher parental fear of
negative evaluation, and lower parental care evoke higher TKS.
4028.52 Daily experiences of rural and urban gujarati (Indian) infants, Monika Abels 1 , Prerna
Mohite 2 , Jigisha Shastri 2 , Hina Mankodi 2 , Shruti Bhargava 2 , 1 University of Osnabrueck,
Germany; 2 Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India
This poster is about three moth old infants’ everyday experiences in their natural surroundings.
Participants were families from the city of Baroda and from villages in the state of Gujarat, India.
The target infant was observed at different times of the day for one week in his or her home
environment. A time sampling method was applied which is a variation of the spot-observation
procedure. The total observed time added up to an average of 62 minutes. In this presentation the
similarities and differences between the experiences of rural and urban infants are displayed and
discussed.
4028.53 Japanese and American beliefs about the origins of positive and negative traits, Kristi
Lockhart 1 , Nobuko Nakashima 2 , Kayoko Inagaki 3 , 1 Yale University, USA; 2 Niigata University,
Japan; 3 Chiba University, Japan
Beliefs about the origins of positive and negative traits were compared across three age groups
(5-6 years, 8-10 years, and college students) and three types of traits (physical, psychological and
hybrid) in Japan and the United States. Participants were asked about: 1) why the protagonist
exhibited the trait at ages 5 and 10, and 2) the best way to change or maintain the trait. In both
cultures, children were more likely than adults to attribute traits to effort. Americans overall
stressed inborn factors more than Japanese. Responses to the intervention question mirrored
participants’ beliefs about the origins of traits.
4028.54 Individual differences in “amae network (Japanese interdependence)”, Mio Kobayashi,
Kazuo Kato, Kyushu University
This study examined if 4 types of amae-engagers (of which Kato & Kobayashi (2000) theorized
and empirically have demonstrated unique patterns in cognitive, emotional, and motivational
processes of amae behaviors/interactions) may have unique patterns in “amae network," which we
defined as “the nature and number of relationships where one feels comfortable engaging in amae
interactions." 305 Japanese college students were asked to plot 6 amae objects (father, mother,
romantic partner, close friends, acquaintances) on the two dimensions (need for amae and
comfortableness with engaging in amae). Results suggested that each type of amae-engagers have
a unique pattern of “amae-network".
4028.55 The study of the hierarchical structure of the social norms of the Chinese, Xiaoming
Zheng 1 , Wenquan Ling 2 , Liluo Fang 3 , 1 Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2 Jinan University,
China; 3 The Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
The relationship between the management and the culture was first explored from the view of
social norm’s theory. The hierarchical structure of the social norm of the Chinese was studied
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