28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

cultural values (collectivism vs. individualism) and self-concept (importance of dependent vs.
independent aspects of the self), could not be held over two generations (Watkins, Mortazavi and
Trofimova 2000). To test the reliability of theses observations, two Iranian samples and two
American ones (belonging to younger and older generations) were asked to complete a survey
assessing cultural values and the self concept. Significant interaction was observed with respect to
gender * culture and generation *culture, regarding independent and interdependent self concepts.
1086.3 Prayers, spiritual support, and optimism in coping with the 9-11 crisis, Amy Ai,
Christopher Peterson, Terrence Tice, University of Michigan, USA
This theory-driven study was designed to fill gaps in faith-related and positive psychology
research. Psychologists have called for precise assessment of faith factors inherent within spiritual
experiences, which may account for their effects, and of the social and faith-related contexts of
optimism. On the basis of various assumptions, we redefined spiritual support, an
underinvestigated concept and developed a new assessment to offer a precise measure. The study
is a secondary analysis of survey data among 475 students three months following the 9-11
terrorist attacks. The results showed the prayer effect on positive attitudes might be explained by
spiritual support.
1086.4 Tracking multiple epistemology In Malaysian science students, Sharifah Norhaidah
Syed Idros, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
This study investigated the beliefs some Malaysian Muslim students hold about knowledge. In a
previous study Sharifah & Merza (2000) extracted the dimension of Omniscient Authority as
source of knowledge among undergraduates at Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang. The level of
sophistication in epistemological beliefs held showed a negative correlation to the level of
scientific reasoning displayed. Did differing cultural and religious beliefs synergised their
scientific thinking prowess or did it instead caused a lethargy? This paper will discuss if students
held conflicting views about knowledge thereby holding multiple epistemologies.
1086.5 A cross cultural study of attributional style and its relationship to anxiety in English
speaking and non- English speaking parents of students in Australia, Mohammad Khodayarifard,
University of Tehran, Iran
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between attributional style and trait
anxiety of 653 parents of students from English-speaking and non-English-speaking background
living in New South Wales, Australia. Due to their cultural differences, English-speaking and
non-English speaking parents differed significantly on their anxiety and attributional style. In
particular, non-English-speaking subjects were more anxious and possessed a more pessimistic
attributional style than English-speaking counterparts. Differences were also found between males
and females on their attributional style and anxiety, with males having significantly more negative
stability of attributional style and hopelessness than females.
1086.6 Psycho-social indicators of work behaviors in policemen under police – provincial 4,
Neon Pinpradit 1 , Jatupol Panraksa 2 , Kanit Duanghasdee 2 , Pantong Suwanjuta 2 , Worawat
Mali 3 , 1 Khon Kean University, Thailand; 2 Police officer, Thailand
This correlational- comparative study aims at examining the interaction between situational
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