28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

others’ past desire task. Two- to five -year-olds participated in this study. Results showed in
different tasks there is different developmental characteristic. All ages do much better in
understanding own past desire task than other four tasks. The findings provide some evidence that
the development of desire understanding is stratified.
1114.3 Temporal duration estimated by primary school students and their strategies: A dual-task
procedure, Lili Yang, Ge Fang, Institute of Psychology, Chinses Academy of Sciences, China
This experiment tested the effect of a dual-task on time production in 7-, 9- and 11-year-olds.
Children had to reproduce a stimulus duration lasting for 6 or 12 s, during which they either did or
did not perform a concurrent non-temporal task. The results showed that children produced shorter
duration in the dual-task than in the single-task condition. When the non-temporal task need more
attentional resources, the temporal reproductions were significantly shorter. And this shortening
effect was greater in the 7-year-olds. Most children in three age groups used count as their main
strategy in the process of time reproduction.
1114.4 Parental warmth and control and their relations to children’s uncertainty orientation,
Zhengyan Wang 1 , Xinyin Chen 2 , 1 Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; 2 The University of
Western Ontario, London, Canada
The present study explored the roots of one’s uncertainty orientation. According to theories of
uncertainty orientation and parenting, Parental warmth may constitute a social and emotional
resource that allows children to explore their environments and facilitate children's development
of uncertainty-oriented. Parental control and monitoring may be useful for directing and
maintaining appropriate behavior in children and facilitate development of certainty-oriented. 339
Chinese children at grade 4-6 completed a series of questionnaires and assessment of uncertainty
orientation. As expected, parental warmth was related to uncertainty-oriented children and the
relation between parental control and certainty-oriented children were complex and discussed.
1115 ORAL
Research methods and statistics
Chair: Siyamak Samani, Iran
1115.1 Methodological aspects of development and evaluation of military command and control
systems, Per Wikberg, Per-Anders Albinsson, Mirko Thorstensson, Johan Stjernberger,
Helena Holmstrom, National Defence Research Agency, Sweden
Current changes in military command and control (C2) includes a spectrum of aspects such as
technology, processes, culture etc. These changes are happening fast and thus methods and
techniques for rapid evaluation are essential. Still, the demand for reliable and valid results is the
same as in ‘conventional’ research. At Sweden’s National Defence Research Agency (FOI)
methods for evaluation of military C2 systems are being developed. The work focuses on four
essential parts of evaluation: modelling of test design, test environments, data collection and
feedback of results. Experiences from this work are presented together with a number of
illustrative cases.
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