28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

measures. It has been shown that animals are capable of categorizing pictures depicting natural
objects. A question of interest is whether animals abstract prototypicality of exemplars of natural
kind categories. One way to explore this possibility is to examine whether animals’ responding
comes under the control of degree of typicality of well-defined artificial stimuli. I will report
prototype effects shown by pigeons with artificial categories structured by family resemblance.
3010.6 Monkey and human evidence that colour categories are not innate, J. Davidoff 1 , J.
Goldstein 1 , D. Roberson 2 , J. Fagot 3 , 1 University of London, London, UK; 2 University of Essex,
Colchester, UK; 3 CNRS-INCM, France
It is argued that perceptual continua can only be divided into categories by linguistic agreement. In
three approaches to the study of colour categories, different populations without access to colour
names were tested in perceptual, memory and learning tasks. Comparisons were made to adult
performance in the UK and France. The populations were young children in the UK and Namibia,
a patient with naming loss after left hemisphere damage and monkeys. All groups showed that
similarity judgements and memory confusions were based on perceptual rather than categorical
mechanisms. Colour categories are therefore not innate but linguistically relative.
3011 INVITED SYMPOSIUM
Latest advancements in diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Convener and Chair: P.Y. Yee, USA
3011.1 New understandings of attention deficit disorders (ADHD) and “executive functions”,
T.E. Brown, Yale University School of Medicine, Hamden, CT, USA
A new understanding of ADHD is emerging from research. This view highlights inattention
symptoms as the most persistent and impairing. It recognizes that ADHD symptoms are
impairments in executive functions, the management system of the mind. About 5-8% of children
and 3-4% of adults throughout the world suffer from these impairments. Cognitive functions
impaired in ADHD will be described as they impact academic, work, social and family
functioning across the lifespan.
3011.2 Production disorder: A clinical neuropsychological view of DSM-IV Attention
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Inattentive Type (ADHD, PI), X.L. His,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
Symptoms of ADHD, PI often sound the same as what many people experience, living in a fast
paced society and constantly overwhelmed by their tasks, not to mention such mitigating factors as
mood and anxiety disorders and learning disabilities. This talk will demonstrate how
neuropsychological testing, when used as part of a multi-faceted evaluation, can help elucidate an
individual’s attention, executive functions, and memory/new learning -- areas of cognitive
functioning very commonly compromised in individuals with a history of significant ADHD, PI
symptoms and much compromised task completion, thus giving ADHD, PI the name of
Production Disorder.
3011.3 Advances in pharmacotherapy for ADHD, R. Doyle, Wang Ambulatory Care Center,
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