28th International Congress of Psychology August 8 ... - U-netSURF

an overall review of experiments conduced in my laboratory in the last five years.
1063.75 Forced swimming as an effective unconditioned stimulus in taste aversion learning,
Masaki Takahisa, Nakajima Sadahiko, Kwansei Gakuin University
It has been reported that taste aversion learning is able to be established with not only
illness-inducing agents such as lithium chloride, but also physical exercise such as voluntary
wheel running in a wheel. In a series of experiment, we demonstrated that another physical
activity, forced swimming in a water pool, also endows rats with aversion to the taste solution
consumed before swimming. Furthermore, we explored the properties of swimming-induced taste
aversion and the critical factor for establishing aversion. These results suggest that this
phenomenon is relevant for understanding in the framework of Pavlovian conditioning.
1063.76 Within-subject reversed partial reinforcement effect in goldfish (Carassius auratus),
Takeharu Igaki, Takayuki Sakagami, Keio University, Japan
The within-subject reversed partial reinforcement effect (reversed PRE), i.e., greater resistance to
extinction under a continuous reinforcement (CRF) schedule than a partial reinforcement (PRF)
schedule, has been reported in rats, pigeons, and humans. This study examined the generality of
the reversed PRE in a phylogenetically more primitive species. Goldfish's target-striking operant
responding was trained on multiple PRF CRF schedules. When both schedules were changed to
extinction, greater resistance to extinction was observed for the CRF schedules, providing further
support for the species generality of the reversed PRE. Results are discussed in terms of the
measure of resistance to extinction.
1063.77 Conditioned taste aversion induced by forced and voluntary wheel running in rats,
Virginia L. Grant, Jennifer R. Forristall, Brianna L. Hookey, Memorial University of
Newfoundland, Canada
In rats, voluntary running in a free wheel produces conditioned taste aversion (CTA) to a flavored
solution consumed before running, but facilitates eating after running (Lett, Grant, Gaborko, 1998).
In two experiments, we compared voluntary exercise in a free wheel with forced exercise in a
motorized wheel, equating mean distance run over 30 min. Both types of exercise produced CTA
relative to sedentary, locked-wheel controls. However, forced exercise produced weaker CTA than
voluntary exercise. Food consumption, assessed in one experiment, was slightly above control
levels after voluntary, but not forced, exercise. Differences between forced and voluntary exercise
are considered.
1063.78 Effect of the delayed reinforcement in inhibitory conditioning, Koichi Handa,
Gakushuin University, Japan
The conditioned inhibitor was tested in order to assess the effect of delayed reinforcement in
inhibitory conditioning with the retardation test. The first experiment was attempted to confirm
that prior conditioned inhibition training reduced the acquisition of excitatory to the CS. In the
second the retardation in excitatory conditioning to the CS was compared between two groups
which differed in the span of delayed time. The group of 30 s delays indicated the firm retardation
in test session, although the group of 5 s delays not at all. This result suggested the role of time
span coding in conditioned inhibition.
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