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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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Upored¯ujući dve poslednje relacije dobijamo da jeINTERPOLACIJA FUNKCIJA 159A k = [x 0 , x 1 , . . . , x k ; f] iP L k (x) − P L k−1(x) = [x 0 , . . . , x k ; f] ω k−1 (x).Najzad, zamenjući poslednji izraz u (2) dobijamo Newtonov interpolacioni polinomsa podeljenjim razlikama:P N n (x) = f(x 0 ) + (x − x 0 )[x 0 , x 1 ; f] + (x − x 0 )(x − x 1 )[x 0 , x 1 , x 2 ; f]+ · · · + (x − x 0 )(x − x 1 ) · · · (x − x n−1 )[x 0 , x 1 , . . . , x n ; f].6.1.6. Na osnovu tabele vrednosti funkcije x ↦→ f(x) = log xk 0 1 2 3x k 0.40 0.50 0.70 0.80f(x k ) −0.916291 −0.693147 −0.356675 −0.223144Lagrangeovom interpolacijom naći približno log 0.6 i odgovarajuću grešku uaproksimaciji.Rešenje. Neka je ω(x) = (x − x 0 ) (x − x 1 ) (x − x 2 )(x − x 3 ), gde su x 0 = 0.4,x 1 = 0.5, x 2 = 0.7, x 3 = 0.8. Za x = 0.6 i k = 0, 1,2, 3,ima sledeće vrednostiTada imamoL k (x) =ω(x)(x − x k ) ω ′ (x k )L 0 (0.6) = − 1 6 , L 1(0.6) = L 2 (0.6) = 2 3 , L 3(0.6) = − 1 6 .log 0.6 ∼ = − 1 6 (−0.916291) + 2 3 (−0.693147) + 2 3 (−0.356675) − 1 6 (−0.223144),tj.Kako jef (4) (x) = − 6 x 4 ,log 0.6 ∼ = −0.509975 .ω(0.6) = (0.2)(0.1)(−0.1)(−0.2) = 4 · 10−4iM =maxx∈[0.4,0.8]˛˛f (4) (x) ˛ = 6(0.4) ∼ 4 = 234.4 ,

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