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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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174 INTERPOLACIJA I APROKSIMACIJARešenje. Imajući u vidu da se nad ovim, takozvanim operatorima konačnerazlike ili diferencnim operatorima {E, ∆, ∇, δ, µ, 1, D, J} (videti [2, str.27–32]), sprovodi formalan račun, zasnovan na pravilima algebre i analize, imamo=⇒∆ f(x)∆= f(x + h) − f(x)= Ef(x) − 1f(x)= (E − 1)f(x)= E − 1 , =⇒∇ f(x)∇= f(x) − f(x − h)= 1f(x) − E −1 f(x)“= 1 − E −1” f(x)= 1 − E −1 .Na osnovu prethodnog jeA = 1 (E − 1)(E + 1)E−12= 1 `E2 −2 1´E−1= 1 2`E − E−1´,B = 1 2`1 − E−1´−1−1´`1 + E−1´`E= 1 2`1 − E−2´E= 1 2`E − E−1´ ,odakle zaključujemo da je A = B.Kako jeµf(x) = 1 „ „f x + h « „+ f x − h ««2 2 2= 1 `E1/2 f(x) + E−1/2 f(x)´2= 1 2 `E1/2 + E−1/2´f(x)=⇒ µ = 1 2 `E1/2 + E−1/2´ ,δf(x) = f„x + h « „− f x − h «2 2= E 1/2 f(x) − E −1/2 f(x)= `E 1/2 − E −1/2´f(x)=⇒ δ = E 1/2 − E −1/2 ,imamoC = µδ = 1 2(E 1/2 + E −1/2)( E 1/2 − E −1/2) = 1 2(E − E−1 ) ,pa je, dakle, A = B = C.S obzirom da je(1 + ∆) −1 =+∞∑k=0(−1) k ∆ k ,

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