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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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NUMERIČKA INTEGRACIJA 2753 ◦ (a,b) = (0,1), x = −2, x 2 = −1, x 3 = 0 .Koliki je algebarski stepen tačnosti dobijene formule?Rešenje. Iz uslova R 3 (x k ) = 0 (k = 0, 1,2), tj. iz sistema linearnih jednačinaA 1A 1 x 1A 1 x 2 1+ A 2+ A 2 x 2+ A 2 x 2 2+ A 3+ A 3 x 3+ A 3 x 2 3= m 0 ,= m 1 ,= m 2 ,gde je m k =Z bax k dx = 1 `bk+1 − ak+1´, nalazimok + 1(2) A 1 = x 2x 3 m 0 − (x 2 + x 3 )m 1 + m 2(x 1 − x 2 ) (x 1 − x 3 ),(3) A 2 = x 1x 3 m 0 − (x 1 + x 3 )m 1 + m 2(x 2 − x 1 ) (x 2 − x 3 ),(4) A 3 = x 1x 2 m 0 − (x 1 + x 2 )m 1 + m 2(x 3 − x 1 ) (x 3 − x 2 )Analizirajmo sada posebno slučajeve 1 ◦ , 2 ◦ , 3 ◦ .1 ◦ Ovde je m k = 1 “1 + (−1) k” , tj. m 0 = 2, m 1 = 0, m 2 = 2 k + 13 i x 1 = −1,x = − 1 3 , x 3 = 1 3 , pa na osnovu (2), (3) i (4) imamo A 1 = 1 2 , A 2 = 0, A = 3 2 .Prema tome, u ovom slučaju formula (1) postajeZ 1−1f(x)dx = 1 2 f(−1) + 3 2 f „ 13.«+ R 2 (f).Kako je R 2 (x 3 ) = m 3 − 1 2 (−1)3 − 3 „ « 3 1= 4 ≠ 0, zaključujemo da ova kvadraturnaformula ima algebarski stepen tačnosti p =2 3 92.2 ◦ I ovde je m 0 = 2, m 1 = 0, m 2 = 2 3 . Kako je x 3 = −x 1 =r35 i x 2 = 0,imamo A 1 = A 3 = 5 9 , A 2 = 8 , pa je odgovarajuća kvadraturna formula9!!Z 1−1f(x)dx = 5 9 f − r35+ 8 9 f(0) + 5 9 f r35+ R 3 (f).

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