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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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74 NUMERIČKI METODI U LINEARNOJ ALGEBRItada je2LR =643β 1 γ 1 0 · · · 0 0α 2 β 1 α 2 γ 1 + β 2 γ 2 0 00 α 3 β 2 α 3 γ 2 + β 3 0 07.50 0 0 α n β n−1 α n γ n−1 + β nIz uslova A = LR dobijamo sledeće formule za odred¯ivanje elemenata α i , β i , γ i :β 1 = b 1 ,.γ i−1 = c i−1 ,α i = a iβ i−1, β i = b i − α i γ i−1 (i = 2, . . . , n) .Na osnovu predhodnog, za matricu A datu zadatkom, nalazimo2L =6412 1−1 13 11 13275 , R = 644 13 −2−3 5−2−41375 .Sistem Ax = b sada postaje LRx = b. Smenom Rx = y, dobijamo Ly = b ,odakle je y = ˆ 1 −2 −1 3 −2 ˜⊤ , a dalje iz Rx = y nalazimox = ˆ −1/3 7/3 9/2 5/2 −2 ˜⊤ .4.1.7. Dato jeA =⎡⎢⎣−3 5 −11 −132 −1 4 76 −6 12 243 1 − 2 8⎤⎥⎦ , b =Primenom Gaussovog algoritma sa izborom glavnog elementa, odrediti permutacionumatricu P i donju i gornju trougaonu matricu L i R u faktorizacijiLR = PA. Naći rešenje sistema Ax = b korišćenjem dobijene faktorizacije.Rešenje. Pristupimo trougaonoj redukciji matrice A po Gaussovom algoritmusa izborom glavnog elementa.⎡⎢⎣9−2−65⎤⎥⎦ .

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