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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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LINEARNI VIŠEKORAČNI METODI 345tj.β 0 + β 1 + β 2 = 2 ,2 β 1 + 4 β 2 = 8 ,3 β 1 + 12 β 2 = 26 ,odakle je β 0 = 1 3 , β 1 = − 2 3 , β 2 = 7 , pa je traženi Nyströmov metod3(1) y n+3 − y n+1 = h 3 (7 f n+2 − 2 f n+1 + f n ).S obzirom da je C 4 = 1 , metod je trećeg reda (p = 3).3Metod (1) je trokoračni. Da bismo ga primenili na rešavanje datog Cauchyevogproblema, potrebne su nam tri startne vrednosti. Jedna je data zadatkom y(0) =y 0 = 1. Dakle, treba odrediti još dve.Na osnovu Taylorovog metoda, a s obzirom da je p = 3, imamo:y 1 = y(0) + hy ′ (0) + h22! y′′ (0) + h33! y′′′ (0) (h = 0.1) ,a na osnovu datog Cauchyevog problema jey ′ = 2xy , y(0) = 1 ,(2)y ′′ = 2y + 2xy ′ ,y ′′′ = 4y ′ + 2xy ′′ ,tj. y ′ (0) = 0, y ′′ (0) = 2, y ′′′ (0) = 0, pa je y 1 = 1.01. Dalje jey 2 = y(0.1) + hy ′ (0.1) + h22! y′′ (0.1) + h33! y′′′ (0.1) (h = 0.1) ,gde uzimamo da je y(0.1) ∼ = y 1 = 1.01. Na osnovu (2), imamo y ′ (0.1) ∼ = 0.202,y ′′ (0.1) ∼ = 2.0604, y ′′′ (0.1) ∼ = 1.22, pa je y 2 = 1.0407.Na osnovu konstruisanog metoda (1) i startnih vrednosti y 0 , y 1 , y 2 dobijeni surezultati pregledno prikazani u tabelin x n f n y n y(x n ) = e x2 n0 0 0 1 11 0.1 0.202 1.01 1.01002 0.2 0.41628 1.0407 1.04083 0.3 0.65622 1.0937 1.09424 0.4 0.93824 1.1728 1.17355 0.5 1.2827 1.2840

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