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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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ITERATIVNI METODI U LINEARNOJ ALGEBRI 79Ako označimo L = L ′ D, R = D −1 R ′ , gde je D −1 = diag(1/4,1, 1/14, −1/14),imamo da je23 234 0 0 0 1 3 4 20L = 63 1 0 0741 −1 14 0 5 i R = 60 1 15 −20740 0 1 −5/2 5 .2 0 4 −14 0 0 0 1Dakle, A ′ = LR = b ′ , gde je b ′ = [−24 2 − 12 − 36] ⊤ . Najzad, imamoAx = b ⇐⇒ A ′ x = b ′ ⇐⇒ Ly = b ′ i Rx = y,tj.23 2 3 2 3 2 34 0 0 0 y 1 −24−6Ly = b ′ ⇐⇒ 63 1 0 0741 −1 14 0 5 ·6 y 274 y 35 = 6 274 −12 5 =⇒ y = 6 2074 1 5 ,2 0 4 −14 y 4 −36223 2 3 2 32 31 3 4 20 x 1 −620Rx = y ⇐⇒ 60 1 15 −20740 0 1 −5/2 5 ·6 x 274 x 35 = 6 2074 1 5 =⇒ x = 6 −3074 6 5 .0 0 0 1 x 4 224.2. Iterativni metodi u linearnoj algebri4.2.1. Neka je(1) x (k) = Bx (k−1) + β (k = 1,2,... )iterativni proces za rešavanje sistema linearnih jednačina(2) x = Bx + β .Ako je x (0) proizvoljan vektor, ‖B‖ < 1, dokazati da, za svako k ∈ N, važi(3) ‖x (k) − x‖ ≤ ‖B‖1 − ‖B‖ ‖x(k) − x (k−1) ‖.Korišćena norma matrice je saglasna sa izabranom normom vektora.

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