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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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PROBLEM NAJBOLJIH APROKSIMACIJA 219ili, s obzirom da je T 2 (x) = 2x 2 − 1, T 4 (x) = 8x 4 − 8x 2 + 1,Φ(x) = 2 “23 − 4x 2 − 16x 4” .15π6.2.5. U skupu polinoma stepena ne višeg od m, naći najbolju srednjekvadratnuaproksimaciju funkcije x ↦→ f(x) = arcsin x na segmentu [−1,1]sa težinom x ↦→ p(x) = ( 1 − x 2) −1/2.Rešenje. Aproksimacionu funkciju Φ predstavimo u oblikuΦ(x) =mXa k T k (x),gde su T k Čebiševljevi polinomi, a koeficijente a k odred¯ujemo na osnovuk=0(1) a k = (f, T k)(T k , T k )(k = 0,1, . . . , m) .S obzirom da je T k (x) = cos(k · arccos x) ina osnovu (1) imamoa 0 = 1 πa k = 2 πZ 1−1Z 1−1(T k , T k ) = ‖T k ‖ 2 =1√1 − x 21√1 − x 2arcsin x dx = 0 ,Uvod¯enjem smene t = arccos x, pri čemu je( π k = 0 ,π2k ≠ 0 ,arcsin x cos(k · arccos x)dx (k = 1, . . . , m) .arcsin x = π 2 − arccos x = π 2− t , dt = −dx√1 − x 2 ,poslednji integral postajea k = 2 πZ π0arccos(−1) = π, arccos 1 = 0,“ π”2 − t cos kt dt = 2 π · 1“k 2 1 − (−1) k” (k = 1, . . .).

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