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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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186 INTERPOLACIJA I APROKSIMACIJARešenje. Neka je funkcija f data na skupu ekvidistantnih tačaka x k = x 0 +kh (k = 0, ±1, ±2, . . . , ±n, . . .) (h = const > 0). Na osnovu datih parovavrednosti (x k , f k ) k=0,±1,±2,...,±n,... možemo formirati takozvanu centralnu tablicuprednjih razlika.Tabela 1x f ∆f ∆ 2 f ∆ 3 f ∆ 4 fx −2f −2x −1 f −1∆ f −2∆ 2 f −2x 0 f 0∆ f −1∆ 2 f −1∆ 3 f −2∆ 4 f −2x 1 f 1∆ f 0∆ 2 f 0∆ 3 f −1x 2 f 2∆ f 1Ako uvedemo smenu x = x 0 +ph, prva Gaussova interpolaciona formula (videti[2, str. 42]) ima oblikp(p − 1)P (x 0 + ph) = f 0 + p · ∆f 0 +2!+ p(p2 − 1 2 )(p − 2)4!∆ 2 f −1 + p(p2 − 1 2 )3!∆ 4 f −2 + · · ·+ p(p2 − 1 2 )(p 2 − 2 2 ) · · ·(p 2 − (n − 1) 2 )(2n − 1)!+ p(p2 − 1 2 ) · · ·(p 2 − (n − 1) 2 )(p − n)(2n)!∆ 3 f −1∆ 2n−1 f −(n−1)∆ 2n f −n + · · · .U ovoj formuli se upotrebljavaju razlike koje su podvučene u tabeli 1.Druga Gaussova interpolaciona formula ([2, str. 42]) glasi:p(p + 1)P (x 0 + ph) = f 0 + p∆f −1 +2!+ p(p2 − 1 2 )(p + 2)4!∆ 4 f −2 + · · ·∆ 2 f −1 + p(p2 − 1 2 )3!+ p(p2 − 1 2 )(p 2 − 2 2 ) · · · (p 2 − (n − 1) 2 )(2n − 1)!+ p(p2 − 1 2 ) · · · (p 2 − (n − 1) 2 )(p + n)(2n)!∆ 3 f −2∆ 2n−1 f −n∆ 2n f −n + · · · .

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