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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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INTERPOLACIJA FUNKCIJA 181gde je ∆ operator prednje razlike, rekurzivno definisan sa∆ 0 f(x) = f(x), ∆ k f(x) = ∆ k−1 f(x + h) − ∆ k−1 f(x) (k ∈ N).Ako stavimo da je q = x − x n, drugi Newtonov interpolacioni polinom glasih(3) P n (x) = f n + q∇f n + q(q+1)2!ili∇ 2 f n + · · · +q(q+1) · · ·(q+n−1)n!P n (x) = f n + ∇f nh (x − x n) + ∇2 f n2! h 2 (x − x n)(x − x n−1 ) + · · ·+ ∇n f nn! h n (x − x n)(x − x n−1 ) · · · (x − x 1 ) ,gde je ∇ operator zadnje razlike, rekurzivno definisan sa∇ n f n∇ 0 f(x) = f(x), ∇ k f(x) = ∇ k−1 f(x) − ∇ k−1 f(x − h) (k ∈ N).Formirajmo sada tablicu konačnih razlika operatora ∆ za zadati problem:k x k f k ∆f k ∆ 2 f k ∆ 3 f k0 5 ◦ 0.0871561 7 ◦ 0.1218690.034713−0.0001482 9 ◦ 0.1564340.034565−0.000190−0.0000423 11 ◦ 0.1908090.034375Na osnovu formule (1) za prvi Newtonov interpolacioni polinom, s obzirom daje u našem slučaju, n = 3, x 0 = 5 ◦ , h = 2 ◦ , p = 6◦ − 5 ◦= 0.5, imamo2(4)P 3`6◦´ = 0.087156 + 0.5 · 0.034713 + 0.5(−0.5)2+ 0.5(−0.5)(−1.5)6(−0.000042) = 0.104528 .(−0.000148)Primetimo da su pri ovome korišćeni podvučeni elementi iz tablice. Dakle, dobilismosin 6 ◦ ∼ = 0.104528 ,

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