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Numerical Mathematics - A Collection of Solved Problems

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188 INTERPOLACIJA I APROKSIMACIJAZa čvor x 0 uzmimo čvor najbliži vrednosti x, tj. x 0 = 0.9. Imajući u vidu smenux = x 0 + ph, nalazimo da jep = x − x 0h=0.95 − 0.90.2= 0.25 .Na osnovu prve Gaussove interpolacione formule i tabele 3, imamo (p = 0.25)p(p − 1)0.152020.1920 + p(p2 − 1)(p − 2)0.038424∼ = −0.9930 .f(0.95) ∼ = P 4 (0.95) = −0.9739 + p · 0.0080 ++ p(p2 − 1)6Na osnovu druge Gaussove interpolacione formule i tabele 3, imamo (p = 0.25)f(0.95) ∼ = P 4 (0.95) = −0.9739 + p(−0.1440) ++ p(p2 − 1)60.1536 + p(p2 − 1)(p + 2)24p(p + 1)20.15200.0384 ∼ = −0.9930 .Na osnovu Stirlingove interpolacione formule i tabele 3, imamo (p = 0.25)j fff(0.95) ∼ 1= P 4 (0.95) = −0.9739 + p2 (−0.1440 + 0.0080) + p22 0.1520j ff+ p(p2 −1) 16 2 (0.1536 + 0.1920) + p2 (p 2 −1)0.038424∼ = −0.9930 .Svi rezulati su zaokrugljeni na četiri decimale.6.1.26. Primenom Besselove interpolacione formule izračunati cos 14 ◦ naosnovu vrednosti cos 11 ◦ , cos 13 ◦ , cos 15 ◦ i cos 17 ◦ .Rešenje. Neka je funkcija f data na skupu ekvidistantnih tačaka x k = x 0 +kh (k = 0, ±1, ±2, . . . , ±n, . . .) (h = const > 0). Na osnovu vrednosti (x k , f k )možemo formirati centralnu tablicu prednjih razlika (videti tabelu 1).Ako uvedimo smenu x = x 0 + ph, Besselova interpolaciona formula (videti [2,str. 42–43]) glasi:j ff 1“P(x 0 + ph) =2 (f 0 + f 1 ) + p − 1 ”jp(p − 1) 1”∆f 0 +“∆ ff2 f −1 + ∆ 2 f 02 2! 2“p(p − 1) p − 1 ”+2∆ 3 f −1 + · · ·3!+ p(p2 − 1 2 ) · · ·(p 2 − (n − 1) 2 j)(p − n) 1” “∆ ff2n f −n + ∆ 2n f(2n)!2 −(n−1)“p(p 2 − 1 2 ) · · ·(p 2 − (n − 1) 2 )(p − n) p − 1 ”+2 ∆ 2n+1 f −n + · · · .(2n + 1)!

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