La réception de la littérature française en Pologne ... - e-Sorbonne

Résumé en anglais
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The precise study of the reception of French literature in Poland in the years 1944 - 1956 will
show us that it is biased towards ideology and politic due to the nature of the change of the
political regime after the war, following Stalin's grip on Central and Eastern Europe. Directly
dependent on the evolution of the political situation in Europe, the gradual installation of a
communist regime strain the introduction of the politic with a strong ideological component,
in culture, in order to create the conditions for culture management directly by the Polish
communist party. The consequences, on one hand were the control of paper production and
printing houses, the gradual blurring of private publishers, and the establishment of
centralised management and planning, on the other hand was the installation of a precise
cultural policy (first expressed by the slogan of the "soft cultural revolution ") brandishing the
democratisation of culture. The reception of French literature of past centuries is in the
process of creating the new Marxist literary rule, known as the updating of literary traditions,
to be the literary "progressive" canon and to include it in the project of "Popularization" of
culture, hence the reissues in 1946, great French realists of the nineteenth century, including
Balzac, in the first reception period, marked by the debate on realism in literature in the new
literary press. The presence of French literature of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in
this broad debate, led by critics of the Marxist magazine Kuznica, serves to illustrate the
Marxist theory of literature, initially based on the concept of great realism developed by G.
Lukács, and then, in the second reception period (1949-1955/56), makes direct reference to
Soviet criticism. Both periods have been emphasised by the large-scale editions of
"progressive classical" French, following the Soviet model, being used directly to achieve the
goal of training, by selected readings, and influencing the new intelligentsia coming from the
popular classes who did not have access to culture before. In parallel, reception of a large
quantity of works of French Communist writers (Aragon, Still) and from fellows travellers,
and the virulent criticism of the existentialists, confirms the thesis of ideological and political
dominance of such receipt.
Mots clés en anglais
French literature -- Translations into Polish --1944 – 1956
French literature -- Appreciation – Poland -- 1944 – 1956
Polish cultural policy -- 1944 - 1956