sempozyum_bildiri_kitabi

333, fn. 5). With Fausta he had Constantius and Constans, Constantina and Helena. He may have
also had an illegitimate son, Constantinus (ibid., 342‐343, fn. 3).
14
Ibid., 339, fn. 3.
15
Ibid., 336, fn. 15.
16
The emperor ruled as the representative of God on Earth. He could dethrone the patriarch of
Constantinople, but not defy his moral judgment, especially when that corresponded to public
opinion.
17
Ioannis Chrysostomos became patriarch of Constantinople in AD 398, was forced to leave in
403, was restored under the pressure of public opinion, and exiled again in 404. He died in 407.
18
Miterikon, vol.VI, 350‐353. C. Baronius set the 27th of December as the commemoration day of
St. Nikareti (“Victorious virtue”) (ibid., 353, fn.5).
19
Perhaps she was exiled to Nicomedia, and she may have died there, as it happened with the
deaconess Olympias, who had also inherited property in Nicomedia through her grandfather
Avlavios.
20
On deaconesses, Miterikon, vol. IV, 14, fn. 4 and 52, fn. 1. See also Alexandre, “Early Christian
Women”, 423‐424, 429, 432: “As the Church moved toward greater institutionalization, women
did not hold well‐defined ministries. Certain distinct groups of women did form, however. One
such was the cherai, or widows, [… and the diakonissai] deaconesses […] the deaconess’ duties
were limited to the service of other women” – anointing, teaching, assisting the sick. “[…]
feminine monasticism eventually subsumed these roles”.
21
D. Tsamis, general introduction to Miterikon, vol. I, 16. See also Alexandre, “Early Christian
Women”, 415. The mothers of the desert were called ammas (Miterikon, vol. I, 14).
22
Under the guidance of St. Auxentios (Syria, c. AD 420 ‐ Bithynia, AD 470) many men and women
lived in the area as hermits and a number of monasteries were founded (Miterikon, vol.VII, 65, fn.
4).
23
Ibid., 64‐67.
24
Elefthera, “Stephanis by surname”, was a cubicularia (Latin for chamberlain), that is, an
exceptional member of the royal court (ibid., 64, fn. 1 and 3).
25
Elefthera offered the saint some holy relics she had in her possession (ibid., 65).
26
Mafortium, in Latin, omoforion in Greek, was a short vestment, covering the shoulders and the
back, worn by both men and women, especially ascetics, at the Early Christian era (ibid., p. 67, fn.
10).
27
Iconomachy was subverted by two women, empress Irene the Athenian, in AD 787, and finally
empress Theodora, in AD 842.
28
Stephanos the New, born in Constantinople around AD 713 and baptized by patriarch
Germanos I, was brought by his father and his mother Anna at the Mt. of Auxentios, where he
lived as a hermit, exercising in calligraphy. He founded a monastery that became a center of
resistance against Iconomachy in the years of emperor Constantine V. He was accused for
improperly making Georgios Syncleticos, member of the royal court, a monk, was imprisoned in
Constantinople, tortured and died on November 28, 764 (Miterikon, vol. V, 36, fn. 1).
29
Ibid., 36‐43.
30
Ibid., 42, fn. 11.
31
Miterikon, vol. IV, 193, fn. 2.
32
Ibid., 192‐231. The first text is a letter that Theodoros sent from the Monastery of Sakkoudion to his
dying mother at Constantinople and the second is an obituary he wrote after her death. St. Theoktisti is
celebrated on December 20.
33
St. Theodoros Stouditis was born in AD 759. In 780 he became a monk at the family Monastery
of Sakkoudion, in Bithynia, in 794 succeeded his uncle Plato as prior. In the years 795‐796 he was
sent to exile in Thessaloniki, returned to the monastery and then, in 798, became prior of the
Monastery of Stoudios in Constantinople. He was again sent to exile in 809 and 815‐821 and died
in exile, on an island or a cape of Propontis in 826 (ibid., 192-193, fn. 1 and 217, fn. 39). His
brother Iosif became archbishop or a cape of Propontis in 826 (ibid., 192‐193, fn. 1 and 217, fn.
39). His brother Iosif became archbishop of Thessaloniki (ibid., 210, fn. 25).
34
It is implied by the text that she was illiterate, though of a noble family, because she had been
brought up as an orphan (ibid., 205).
35
St. Plato, born in AD 735, became a monk at the Monastery of Symbola, on Mt. Olympos,
Bithynia, and its prior in 770. When, in 781, his sister Theoktisti became a nun, along with her
husband Fotinos, his three brothers and the four children of the couple at the village of