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La Narrativa de Henry Fielding y la Sociedad Inglesa del Siglo XVIII

La Narrativa de Henry Fielding y la Sociedad Inglesa del Siglo XVIII

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<strong>La</strong> <strong>Narrativa</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Henry</strong> <strong>Fielding</strong> y <strong>la</strong> <strong>Sociedad</strong> <strong>Inglesa</strong> <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Siglo</strong> <strong>XVIII</strong><br />

común. 16 Es obvio que habrían <strong>de</strong> surgir conflictos ante una distinción<br />

gramatical tan sutil. Pollock y Mait<strong>la</strong>nd <strong>de</strong>scribieron los escollos <strong>de</strong> semejante<br />

sistema. 17 Estos casos abrieron un nuevo campo <strong>de</strong> litigio en los tribunales<br />

civiles. Una gran parte <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s disputas en dichos tribunales se centraban en<br />

torno a si se dijo “I will” o “I do”. En Amelia se inserta una advertencia que<br />

insta a tener precaución con los amantes que no se comprometen seriamente<br />

en matrimonio:<br />

“In<strong>de</strong>ed women cannot be cautioned too much against such lovers; for<br />

though I have heard, and perhaps truly, of some of our sex of a virtue so exalted,<br />

that it is a proof against such lovers; for though I have heard and perhaps, truly of<br />

some of our sex of a virtue do exalted, that it is proof against every temptation; yet<br />

the generality, I am afraid, are too much in the power of a man to whom they have<br />

owned an affection. [...] And a woman who hath given her consent to marry can<br />

hardly be said to be safe till she is married.” (I, 8).<br />

Estas advertencias no se hacían en vano, puesto que en Jonathan Wild<br />

dice que Wild, para conseguir los favores carnales <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s jóvenes:<br />

“never offered any violence to a young <strong>la</strong>dy without the most earnest<br />

promises of that kind 18 , these being, he said, a ceremonial due to the female<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>sty, which cost, so little and were so easily pronounced, that the omission could<br />

arise from nothing but the mere wantonness of brutality.” (I, 9)<br />

En todo caso, <strong>la</strong> ceremonia pública y el ritual eran importantes como<br />

vemos reflejado en Joseph Andrews, por <strong>la</strong> insistencia <strong>de</strong> Parson Adams en que<br />

el matrimonio entre Joseph y Fanny se lleve a cabo <strong>de</strong> manera pública.<br />

<strong>La</strong>wrence Stone sugiere incluso que el gran número <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>mandas por<br />

ruptura <strong>de</strong> compromisos matrimoniales se vio incrementado por un:<br />

“extraordinary emphasis in novels and public discussion upon the plight of<br />

respectable virgins seduced un<strong>de</strong>r false pretenses and left pregnant and<br />

unmarried.” 19<br />

Esta distinción legal tan importante tuvo un gran impacto en <strong>la</strong><br />

interpretación social <strong>de</strong>l acto matrimonial. Stone cree que <strong>la</strong> gran popu<strong>la</strong>ridad<br />

<strong>de</strong> Pame<strong>la</strong>:<br />

16 STONE, Road, p. 86.<br />

17 POLLOCK, History of English <strong>La</strong>w, II, p. 369<br />

18 Se refiere a promesas matrimoniales.<br />

19 STONE, Road, pp. 87-88.<br />

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