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La Narrativa de Henry Fielding y la Sociedad Inglesa del Siglo XVIII

La Narrativa de Henry Fielding y la Sociedad Inglesa del Siglo XVIII

La Narrativa de Henry Fielding y la Sociedad Inglesa del Siglo XVIII

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<strong>La</strong> <strong>Narrativa</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>Henry</strong> <strong>Fielding</strong> y <strong>la</strong> <strong>Sociedad</strong> <strong>Inglesa</strong> <strong>de</strong>l <strong>Siglo</strong> <strong>XVIII</strong><br />

“ ... We must do our best to rescue the Character of our Heroine from the<br />

Dullness of Apprehension, which several of our quick-sighted rea<strong>de</strong>rs may <strong>la</strong>y …<br />

heavily to her charge. …It is not because Innocence is more blind than Guilt, that<br />

the former overlooks and tumbles into the Pit, which the <strong>la</strong>tter foresees and avoids.<br />

The truth is, that it is almost impossible Guilt should miss the discovering of all<br />

the Snares in its Way; as it is constantly prying closely into every Corner in or<strong>de</strong>r<br />

to <strong>la</strong>y Snares for others. Whereas Innocence, having no such Purpose, walks fearlessly<br />

and carelessly through Life; and is consequently liable to tread on the Gins,<br />

which Cunning hath <strong>la</strong>id to entrap it. To speak p<strong>la</strong>inly, and without Allegory or<br />

Figure, it is not Want of Sense, but Want of Suspicion by which Innocence is often<br />

betrayed. Again, we often admire at the folly of the Dupe, when we should transfer<br />

our whole Surprize to the astonishing Guilt of his betrayer” (VIII, 9)<br />

<strong>Fielding</strong> reconoce que se pue<strong>de</strong> acusar a Amelia <strong>de</strong> falta <strong>de</strong> intuición, e<br />

incluso <strong>de</strong> sentido común, por lo que se siente en <strong>la</strong> obligación <strong>de</strong> salir en su<br />

<strong>de</strong>fensa. <strong>La</strong> credulidad <strong>de</strong> Amelia es para <strong>Fielding</strong> <strong>la</strong> prueba <strong>de</strong> su bondad, más<br />

que <strong>de</strong> su estupi<strong>de</strong>z. Es una buena persona incapaz <strong>de</strong> engañar o <strong>de</strong> ser cruel.<br />

Como dice <strong>la</strong> Sra. Atkinson cuando informa a Amelia <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s intenciones <strong>de</strong><br />

James y <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong>s motivaciones <strong>de</strong> sus pretendidas muestras <strong>de</strong> amistad:<br />

“Sure you would not be so dull in any other Case; but in this, Gratitu<strong>de</strong>,<br />

Humility and Mo<strong>de</strong>sty, every Virtue shuts your eyes” (VIII, 9)<br />

Por otro <strong>la</strong>do, y <strong>de</strong> manera menos excusable tal vez, pero más realista,<br />

Amelia es vulnerable también porque no confía <strong>de</strong>l todo en su marido. Después<br />

<strong>de</strong> comprobar <strong>la</strong> falta <strong>de</strong> previsión y <strong>la</strong> impru<strong>de</strong>ncia <strong>de</strong> Booth en tantas<br />

ocasiones, al lector le parece razonable que Amelia crea que no pue<strong>de</strong> confiar<br />

en él, porque no cree que anteponga el bienestar <strong>de</strong> su familia ante todo lo<br />

<strong>de</strong>más. Es fácil compren<strong>de</strong>r a Amelia cuado el narrador dice que:<br />

“She was reduced to a Dilemma, the most dreadful that can attend a<br />

Virtuous Woman… In short, to avoid giving Umbrage to her Husband, Amelia<br />

was forced to act in a Manner, which she was conscious must give Encouragement<br />

to the Colonel: A Situation which, perhaps, requires as great Pru<strong>de</strong>nce and Delicacy,<br />

as any in which the Heroic Part of the female Character can be exerted.”<br />

(IX, 2)<br />

Por una vez, sus emociones y sus miedos superan su heroísmo. Su <strong>de</strong>seo<br />

<strong>de</strong> sacrificar su propia paz interior antes que <strong>la</strong> <strong>de</strong> Booth pue<strong>de</strong> ser admirable,<br />

pero al mismo tiempo reve<strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong> falta <strong>de</strong> confianza en su marido y una<br />

triste disposición a aceptar sacrificios innecesarios. Esto le lleva a una situación<br />

complicada ya que pone en peligro su matrimonio, <strong>la</strong> confianza que su marido<br />

tiene <strong>de</strong>positada en el<strong>la</strong>, y se arriesga el<strong>la</strong> misma. Amelia trata <strong>de</strong> convencerse a<br />

sí misma <strong>de</strong> que actúa heroicamente, pero en realidad el miedo a que su mari-<br />

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