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(1) The way of life of monks in monasteries; living a very simple life without marriage.
And among His Signs is this, that He created for you wives from among yourselves, that you may
find rest in them, and He has put between you love and mercy. Verily, in that are indeed signs for
people who reflect. (Qur’an, 30:21)
Commentary
The Bible recommends celibacy1 and says that marriage brings many troubles in this life. It also
says that Prophet Jesus (pbuh) encouraged his disciples to make themselves eunuchs for the
kingdom of heaven’s sake.
This act of monasticism could not be taught by Prophet Jesus (pbuh) for the following reasons:-
Jesus (pbuh) was a Messenger of Allah and he only taught what Allah commanded him to teach.
The Qur’an states that monasticism was an invention and Allah did not ordain it.
The result of this teaching is the extinction of humans or at least the extinction of the religious
people who follow it.
Celibacy is against human instincts. It suppresses sexual desires, which causes psychological
problems and makes life miserable. This teaching made many Christians hate religion and prefer
secular life.
In Islam salvation is not achieved by the suffering of the body and the suppression of emotions.
Islam forbids self-persecution and allows enjoying the pleasures of life while observing Allah’s
laws.
These laws ensure that we get what is beneficial and avoid what is harmful. Islam encourages the
Muslim to get married as soon as possible Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) said,” Whoever is able to
marry should marry.” However, Islam prevents humans from descending to the level of animals.
Therefore, it forbids adultery and perverted sexual practices which spread diseases, destroy the
family, and harm the individual and the entire society.
Polygamy (Polygyny)
What the Bible Says
In Jerusalem David took more wives… (1 Chronicles 14:3)
He (Solomon) had seven hundred wives (1 Kings 11:3)
What the Qur’an Says
If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, then marry women of your
choice, two, or three, or four; but if you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with them,
then only one, or slaves that your right hands possess. That is nearer to prevent you from doing
injustice. And give the women on marriage their dowry (money given by the husband to his wife)
with a good heart. (Qur’an, 4:3,4)
Commentary
The Bible does not prohibit polygamy and most of the Old Testament Prophets were polygamous.
Criticizing polygamy implies criticizing those Messengers, and this should not be acceptable to
any true Jew, Christian or Muslim.
Unlike the Bible, the Qur’an limits polygamy to a maximum of four wives provided that the
husband deals with them justly. If not, then only one wife is allowed. Therefore, polygamy is not
one of the pillars of Islam but a restricted permission! The Qur’an did not invent polygamy but
limited it.
Islam allows polygamy not merely for the satisfaction of desires but as a solution to certain social
problems. It is very clear that if the number of women in any society is equal to the number of
men, then every man will marry one woman and as a result, no man can marry more than one
woman. However, if the number of women is more than that of men, then polygamy is without
doubt better than leaving some women without husbands which may result in fornication,
prostitution, homosexuality, diseases, and illegitimate children. Therefore, many women, who
could not get married, find in polygamy the right way to satisfy their emotions and enjoy the
pleasure of having a family and children.