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Literature
I. General introductions
• Kehl-Bodrogi, Krisztina (1992). Die Kizilbas/Aleviten. Untersuchungen uber eine
esoterische Glaubensgemeinschaft in Anatolien. Die Welt des Islams, (New Series),
Vol. 32, No. 1.
• Kjeilen, Tore (undated). "Alevism," in the (online) Encyclopedia of the Orient.
• Shankland, David (2003). The Alevis in Turkey: The Emergence of a Secular
Islamic Tradition. Curzon Press.
• Shindeldecker, John (1996). Turkish Alevis Today. Istanbul: Sahkulu.
• White, Paul J., & Joost Jongerden (eds.) (2003). Turkey’s Alevi Enigma: A
Comprehensive Overview. Leiden: Brill.
• Yaman, Ali & Aykan Erdemir (2006). Alevism-Bektashism: A Brief Introduction,
London: England Alevi Cultural Centre & Cem Evi. ISBN 975-98065-3-3
• Zeidan, David (1999) "The Alevi of Anatolia." Middle East Review of
International Affairs 3/4.
II. Kurdish Alevis
• Bumke, Peter (1979). "Kizilbaş-Kurden in Dersim (Tunceli, Türkei). Marginalität
und Häresie." Anthropos 74, 530-548.
• Van Bruinessen, Martin (1997). "Aslını inkar eden haramzadedir! The Debate on
the Kurdish Ethnic Identity of the Kurdish Alevis." In K. Kehl-Bodrogi, B. Kellner-
Heinkele, & A. Otter-Beaujean (eds), Syncretistic Religious Communities in the
Near East (Leiden: Brill).
• Van Bruinessen, Martin (1996). Kurds, Turks, and the Alevi revival in Turkey.
Middle East Report, No. 200, pp. 7-10. (NB: The online version is expanded from
its original publication.)
• White, Paul J. (2003), “The Debate on the Identity of ‘Alevi Kurds’.” In: Paul J.
White/Joost Jongerden (eds.) Turkey’s Alevi Enigma: A Comprehensive Overview.
Leiden: Brill, pp. 17-32.
III. Alevi / Bektashi history
• Birge, John Kingsley (1937). The Bektashi order of dervishes, London and
Hartford.
• Brown, John (1927), The Darvishes of Oriental Spiritualism.
• Küçük, Hülya (2002) The Roles of the Bektashis in Turkey’s National Struggle.
Leiden: Brill.
• Mélikoff, Irène (1998). Hadji Bektach: Un mythe et ses avatars. Genèse et
évolution du soufisme populaire en Turquie. Leiden: Islamic History and
Civilization, Studies and Texts, volume 20, ISBN 90-04-10954-4.
• Shankland, David (1994). “Social Change and Culture: Responses to
Modernization in an Alevi Village in Anatolia.”In C.N. Hann, ed., When History
Accelerates: Essays on Rapid Social Change, Complexity, and Creativity. London:
Athlone Press.
• Yaman, Ali (undated). "Kizilbash Alevi Dedes." (Based on his MA thesis for
Istanbul University.)
IV. Ghulat sects in general
• Halm, H. (1982). Die Islamische Gnosis: Die extreme Schia und die Alawiten.
Zurich.
• Krisztina Kehl-Bodrogi, Krisztina, & Barbara Kellner-Heinkele, Anke Otter-
Beaujean, eds. (1997) Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East. Leiden:
Brill, pp. 11-18.