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of Isaac's descendants as being surrounded by kindred peoples, who are also more often enemies.<br />

This is because the clans practiced intermarriage. are in the descending scale, perhaps of purity of<br />

blood, or as of purity of relationship, or of connectedness to Sarah: Sarah, her servant, her<br />

husband's other wife. The Bible says of the Hebrew people: "Your father was a wandering<br />

Syrian". Yet to Abraham's face the Hittites said, "You are a great chief among us. Bury your dead<br />

in the choicest of our tombs." (Genesis 23:4 and 5)<br />

As stated above, Abraham came from Ur in Chaldea to Haran and thence to Canaan. Late tradition<br />

supposed that this was to escape Babylonian idolatry (Judith 5, Jubilees 12; cf. Joshua 24:2), and<br />

knew of Abraham's <strong>mir</strong>aculous escape from death (an obscure reference to some act of deli<strong>vera</strong>nce<br />

in Isaiah 29:22). The route along the banks of the Euphrates from south to north was so frequently<br />

taken by migrating tribes that the tradition has nothing improbable in itself. It was thence that<br />

Jacob, the father of the tribes of Israel, came, and the route to Shechem and Bethel is precisely the<br />

same in both.<br />

Further, there is yet another parallel in the story of the conquest by Joshua, partly implied and<br />

partly actually detailed (cf. also Joshua 8:9 with Gen. 12:8, 13:3), whence it would appear that too<br />

much importance must not be laid upon any ethnological interpretation which fails to account for<br />

the three versions. That similar traditional elements have influenced them is not unlikely; but to<br />

recover the true historical foundation is difficult. The invasion or immigration of certain tribes<br />

from the east of the Jordan; the presence of Aramean blood among the Israelites; the origin of the<br />

sanctity of venerable sites — these and other considerations may readily be found to account for<br />

the traditions.<br />

Noteworthy coincidences in the lives of Abraham and Isaac, such as the strong parallels between<br />

two tales of a wife confused for a sister, point to the fluctuating state of traditions in the oral stage,<br />

or suggest that Abraham's life has been built up by borrowing from the common stock of popular<br />

lore. More original is the parting of Lot and Abraham at Bethel. The district was the scene of<br />

contests between Moab and the Hebrews (cf. perhaps Judges 3), and if this explains part of the<br />

story, the physical configuration of the Dead Sea may have led to the legend of the destruction of<br />

[citation needed]<br />

inhospitable and vicious cities.<br />

Christianity<br />

Old Testament<br />

Main article: Book of Genesis<br />

New Testament<br />

Laurent de La Hire, Abraham Sacrificing Isaac (1650), Musée des Beaux-Arts d'Orléans

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