Psychische Erkrankungen in der Lebensspanne ... - DGPPN
Psychische Erkrankungen in der Lebensspanne ... - DGPPN
Psychische Erkrankungen in der Lebensspanne ... - DGPPN
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Topic 14 G Psychotherapie // Psychotherapy<br />
argumentieren, dass die Reduktion <strong>der</strong> Symptome e<strong>in</strong>er PTB von<br />
e<strong>in</strong>er optimierten emotionalen und kognitiven Verarbeitung <strong>der</strong><br />
Traumatisierung abhängt.<br />
Methode: Während die Traumakonfrontation die notwendige<br />
Grundlage dazu für alle traumatisierten Patienten darstellt, können<br />
Methoden <strong>der</strong> imag<strong>in</strong>ativen und kognitiven Disputation zur Bearbeitung<br />
nicht angstbezogener Themen während <strong>der</strong> Traumakonfrontation<br />
e<strong>in</strong>gesetzt werden. Damit kann die Verarbeitung von<br />
sekundären Emotionen wie Schuld und Scham o<strong>der</strong> primären<br />
Emotionen wie Ekel o<strong>der</strong> Haß verbessert werden.<br />
Diskussion / Ergebnisse: Verschiedene Untersuchungen zeigen,<br />
dass damit die Therapie für Patienten nach sexualisierter Gewalt<br />
verbessert werden können. Der Beitrag referiert diese empirischen<br />
Untersuchungen zu komb<strong>in</strong>ierten imag<strong>in</strong>ativ-konfrontativen (nach<br />
Arntz; Krakow bzw. Smucker) und kognitiv-konfrontativen (nach<br />
Kubany; Ehlers) Verfahren <strong>der</strong> Traumatherapie.<br />
004<br />
Die Narrative Expositionstherapie zur Behandlung <strong>der</strong> Folgen von<br />
schweren und lang andauernden Misshandlungen<br />
Frank Neuner (Universität Bielefeld, Psychologie)<br />
E<strong>in</strong>leitung: E<strong>in</strong>e großer Anteil <strong>der</strong> Opfer von Traumatisierungen<br />
hat nicht e<strong>in</strong> e<strong>in</strong>zelnes traumatisches Ereignis, son<strong>der</strong>n e<strong>in</strong>e Vielzahl<br />
von schwer belastenden Erlebnissen über e<strong>in</strong>en langen Zeitraum<br />
erlebt. Es wird häufig <strong>in</strong> Frage gestellt, ob konfrontative Therapieansätze<br />
für diese Patienten geeignet seien.<br />
Methode: Die Narrative Expositionstherapie (NET) wurde für Opfer<br />
schwerer Traumatisierungen im Rahmen organisierter Gewalt<br />
entwickelt. Die Wirksamkeit des Verfahrens wurde <strong>in</strong> e<strong>in</strong>er Reihe<br />
von randomisierten Studien nachgewiesen. Seit kurzem liegen erste<br />
Erfahrungen vor für die Behandlung <strong>der</strong> Opfer k<strong>in</strong>dlicher Misshandlungen.<br />
Diskussion / Ergebnisse: Die Behandlung <strong>der</strong> Opfer von schweren<br />
Traumatsierungen erfor<strong>der</strong>t, wobei <strong>der</strong> Umgang mit Flashbacks,<br />
Dissoziation sowie Scham- und Schuldgefühlen häufig e<strong>in</strong>e beson<strong>der</strong>e<br />
Herausfor<strong>der</strong>ung darstellen. In <strong>der</strong> NET werden diese Phänomene<br />
nicht <strong>in</strong> e<strong>in</strong>er geson<strong>der</strong>ten Therapiephase, son<strong>der</strong>n während<br />
<strong>der</strong> Exposition bearbeitet. Die NET stellt e<strong>in</strong> vielversprechendes<br />
Therapieverfahren für schwere Traumatisierungen dar.<br />
Donnerstag, 26. 11. 2009, 15.30 – 17.00 Uhr, Saal Stockholm 3<br />
S-053 Symposium<br />
Internet-based psychotherapy for depression: Opportunities<br />
and risks<br />
Vorsitz: B. Meyer (Hamburg), F. Hohagen (Lübeck)<br />
001<br />
Effectiveness and possible work<strong>in</strong>g mechanisms of Internet-based<br />
psychotherapies<br />
Thomas Berger (Universität Bern, Kl<strong>in</strong>ische Psychologie, Schweiz)<br />
F. Caspar<br />
Internet-based psychotherapeutic <strong>in</strong>terventions have been used for<br />
over a decade with several controlled trials <strong>in</strong> the field of anxiety<br />
disor<strong>der</strong>s, mild-to-mo<strong>der</strong>ate depression and behavioral medic<strong>in</strong>e.<br />
Overall, Internet-based treatments have shown to be effective with<br />
large effect sizes for some of the conditions, for example <strong>in</strong> the<br />
treatment of social anxiety disor<strong>der</strong>s. Internet-based treatments<br />
have several advantages over traditional psychotherapies for both<br />
clients and health care. For <strong>in</strong>stance, the accessibility of the Internet<br />
make it very suitable for offer<strong>in</strong>g and receiv<strong>in</strong>g help and it may be<br />
possible to reach people who might otherwise not receive treatment<br />
for their problems. Clients can work at their own pace, access the<br />
treatment at any place and time, and review the material as often as<br />
desired. This presentation provides a brief overview of the various<br />
Internet-based applications and the evidence. As the level of therapist<br />
<strong>in</strong>volvement can vary from no assistance, m<strong>in</strong>imal contact via<br />
email, to therapist time seen <strong>in</strong> face-to-face treatments, the role of<br />
the therapist is discussed along with predictors of outcome and<br />
possible work<strong>in</strong>g mechanisms.<br />
002<br />
Tailored health communication <strong>in</strong> behavioural medic<strong>in</strong>e: Implications<br />
for onl<strong>in</strong>e depression treatments<br />
Robert Nicholson (St. Louis University, Community and Family Medic<strong>in</strong>e,<br />
Sa<strong>in</strong>t Louis, USA)<br />
003<br />
Mediators and mo<strong>der</strong>ators of change <strong>in</strong> an onl<strong>in</strong>e treatment for<br />
depression<br />
Björn Meyer (Hamburg)<br />
Introduction: A recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated<br />
that a novel, onl<strong>in</strong>e depression treatment program (Deprexis)<br />
effectively reduces depression severity among <strong>in</strong>ternet users<br />
(Meyer et al., 2009). In the Deprexis program, users are directed<br />
through a series of simulated dialogues that cover topics such as<br />
cognitive restructur<strong>in</strong>g, behavioural activation, acceptance / m<strong>in</strong>dfulness,<br />
<strong>in</strong>ter personal skills, and relaxation exercises. In this presentation,<br />
the structure and content of the Deprexis program are described,<br />
and the results from the RCT are summarized. The question<br />
of whether mo<strong>der</strong>ators or mediators of treatment effects could be<br />
detected is also addressed.<br />
Method: In an RCT, 396 adult participants (average age = 35,<br />
SD = 12; 76 % women) were randomized either to immediate program<br />
use for up to 9 weeks or to a 9-week wait<strong>in</strong>g-list condition.<br />
Participants were recruited from <strong>in</strong>ternet depression forums with<strong>in</strong><br />
Germany.<br />
Discussion / Results: Program users improved, on average, by<br />
6 BDI-po<strong>in</strong>ts, whereas those <strong>in</strong> the wait<strong>in</strong>g-list condition did not<br />
improve, Cohen‘s d = .64. This effect was replicated when those <strong>in</strong>itially<br />
on the wait<strong>in</strong>g-list also used the program, and the improvements<br />
<strong>in</strong> depression severity rema<strong>in</strong>ed stable over six months.<br />
There was limited evidence that changes <strong>in</strong> dysfunctional attitudes,<br />
as measured by the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS), or changes<br />
<strong>in</strong> social function<strong>in</strong>g, as measured by the Work and Social Adjustment<br />
Scale (WSA) mediated the effect of treatment on depression<br />
changes between basel<strong>in</strong>e and the 9-week time-po<strong>in</strong>t. However,<br />
the effect of treatment on changes <strong>in</strong> social function<strong>in</strong>g was mediated<br />
by reductions <strong>in</strong> depression severity. Additional analyses<br />
showed that age mo<strong>der</strong>ated the effect of treatment on depression<br />
severity, such that participants between the ages of 25 and 45 appeared<br />
to benefit the most from treatment, whereas there were no<br />
age-dependent differences <strong>in</strong> depression changes <strong>in</strong> the wait<strong>in</strong>g-list<br />
control group. Other potential mo<strong>der</strong>ators were explored and will<br />
be discussed <strong>in</strong> this presentation.<br />
004<br />
Internet-based psychotherapy <strong>in</strong> rout<strong>in</strong>e psychiatric practice sett<strong>in</strong>gs:<br />
Opportunities and barriers<br />
Fritz Hohagen (Universitätskl<strong>in</strong>ikum SH, Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie,<br />
Lübeck)<br />
339