PDF Dosyası - Ankara Üniversitesi Kitaplar Veritabanı

y the U.S. for other purposes than those acceptable for the Americangovernment. As from 1948 Marshall aid was thus made available as vvell.These funds vvere used to improve agriculture. In this vvay the Americannow had, besides the strong military influence, a strong hold on the Turkisheconomy.In this political climate the Democratic Party dominated by the largelandovvners and the commercial elite got ali chances to develop fast. Theymanaged to bundle practically ali oppositional groups. The binding elementwas the loathing for military oppression, for the dictatorship of therepublican People's Party. The above shovvs that during the rule of Presidentinönü, especially after 1945 democracy could once again develop itself.Leftist groups vvere formally ruled out by the pressure of right andthe cold-vvar-atmosphere. This restricted the chances of the Turkish societyto further develop into a democratic society according to Western standards.CONCLUSİONSThe current problems of Turkey can only be solved vvell after makinga good analysis of the faults made vvithin the period 1923-1950.The basic for Turkish democracy vvas laid by Kemalism vvith ali itsshortcomings. The central role of the army vvithin the center of povver atthe times of realizing democratization should have been finished earlier.This in order not to have the majority of the population alienated fromthis process.If reforms should become rooted to the society than they should notbe imposed upon from the top or by a small group. These reforms shouldbe made in consultation vvith the people or its real representatives.Abandoning the neutralistic policy by the Turkish government for amore Western (American) attitude has not brought about a sound democraticdevelopment in this part of the vvorld due to the situation of coldvvar.Leftist groups vvere not given a chance suffıciently or not ali andvvere even prohibited often.Kemalism succeeded in restoring national pride of the Turkish nationvvithin a reasonable term.With this the basic condition vvas laid for he develeopment oef ademocratic society.In formally separating church and state and in the secularization processnot enough space to move had been left for the islam. Due to this themajority of the Turkish society began to feel itself enemies of the reformprocess and behaved as such, every time they got the chance to do so.295