PDF Dosyası - Ankara Üniversitesi Kitaplar Veritabanı

The political parties are committed to banish any form violence, fanaticism,racism and discrimination. No political party can organise itselfon principles, objectives, activities or programs, based on a religion, alanguage, a race, a sex".In the same way, it's important to point out the clauses of the 1988law on mosques, that had attempted to banish politics from their precinctsenabling them to be solely in charge of the religious service and forbiddingany other type of activities.PopulismPopulism and the rejection of any class war have always been part ofthe Tunisian policy. Here again, a comparison with kemalism is necessary.Thus the preamble of the Tunisian constitution reads the following"let's proclaim the will of this people, that has freed itself from foreigndomination thanks to its strong cohesion and to its struggle that againsttyranny, exploitation and regression to strengthen its national unity". Thestrategy of the new State aimed at the emergence of a new man free fromhis former tribal and elan alliances. It is important at this stage to pointout in this respect that Tunisia, contrary to Turkey, has not been confrontedwith a problem of ethnic multiplicity. A somevvhat linguistic and religiousharmony, in addition to a centralised national state organisation hadfavoured since the beginning of the XVII th century the emergence of aTunisian national entity. Nevertheless, the newly independent State couldfear at its beginnings the appearance of any type of tribalism. Leadershave always insisted on the necessity to insure the stability of the Stateand to struggle against anything that might threaten national unit. Thepolicy of the State has tried therefore to fulfil notional solidarity, balancebetween regions, education for young children at school age, acceptablehouse conditions and health for ali. The key word was welfare for ali. Asstated by a writer "What symbolises a republican State, the rhetoric usedby its leaders and the scope of their prerogatives and interventions havegiven birth to a modern pedagogy aiming at the emergence of a new man,a responsible individual, freed from obsolete mentalities and ready to encompassthe rationality of the science and the technique" 8 .The state controlAnother kemalist principal has inspired Tunisian leaders in the establishmentof a stable, modern and national State: namely State control.This has enabled it to interfere and direct choices in almost ali fields ofactivities, because it had substituted a class of businessmen that didn't existyet and played a leading role in the social and economic life.8. Camau (Michel), La Tunisie, Paris. P.U.F. 1989, p. 61.472