PDF Dosyası - Ankara Üniversitesi Kitaplar Veritabanı

the situation well in hand, by condueting suecessfully the relation betvveenchange and carrying forvvard the good traditions, and by the guidanceof the six basic principles- the six arrovvs.' (Dong Zhenghua, 1993:357-358).As for the 'six arrovvs', the late tvvo, Etatism (devletçilik) and Reformism(inkilapcilik), the doctrines dravvn from the economic developmentand reforms and added to Kemalism in the 1930s vvere underlinedas they distinguished the transitional process from traditional society to amodern one in Turkey from the British style liberalist route, and alsofrom the French style revolutionary route. Etatism means not only an economicpolicy in force from 1932 to 1950 but also a bureaucratic central -ized, strong, autonomous and initiative state povver in pursuing ali of thenational goals and defending the country vvhen the civil society and privatesector in economy vvere quite vveak. Reformism summarized thegreat Atatürk Reforms that vvere elaborately planned and promoted. Thesuccess of Kemalism is the reason vvhy the development of the nevv Republieof Turkey has ever been generally acknovvledged in developing societiesas an imitatable model and vvhy the UNESCO held the symposiumin 1981 for 'summing-up Ataturk's achievements and thought in order tohelp the UN member states to bring about the studies on development andmodernization processes'. (Dong Zhenghua, 1993: 359-361).Chinese seholars have also studied the relationship betvveen traditionand development in social, economic and cultural spheres in the earlierperiod of the Republie of Turkey, and changes of Turkish foreign policiesand international relations, changes of Turkish Constitution and the realpolity. For example, the neutrality policy of Turkey during the SecondWorld War, adhering to principle vvhile flexible in practice, vvas held tobe advantageous to the Allied countries and the vvorld peace, since it defendedAfrica and the Russian forces disposed then in the southern part ofSoviet Union as vvell as the Allied forces in the Near-East, and affordedvaluable experiene for the Third World countries. (Zhang Runmin: 1986)2). Exploration of the history of Sino-Turkish relationsThe cultural exchange and firendship betvveen China and Turkeycould be retrospeetive to the ancient time. Although these tvvo countriesboth became periphery, or semi-colony of the vvestern big povvers in the19th Century, they stili kept in contact vvith each other. In 1912, WangKuan, a famous Chinese Islamite and educator, visited istanbul. He vvasso deeply impressed by the Young Turkish Reforms that he appealed fordiplomatic and commercial exchanges betvveen the nevv Republie of Chinaand Turkey as soon as he returned to China. Wang Jnigzhai, anotherChinese Islamite, visited Ankara, the nevv capital of Turkey, together vvithhis disciple Ma Hongdao in 1923 and left Ma for years studying in istanbulUniversity. (Yang Zhojun, 1987:526-544) Seholars have also re-673