PDF Dosyası - Ankara Üniversitesi Kitaplar Veritabanı

eign roots and expressions from Turkish usage and encourage the coiningof new words to meet contemporary needs was taken as the Turkish Republicprepared to celebrate its fırst decade. President Atatürk and PrimeMinister İnönü both attended to Turkish Language Congress gathered inDolmabahçe Palace in September 1932. The TDK received its missionfrom the urgent need to develop and effective means of communicationthat vvould express the identtiy of the Turkish nation.The purpose behind the institution of TDK vvas akin to that of theAcademie Française. It vvas intended to function as a commitee vvith abroad base, able to cali on the service of experts in different fields, decideon priorities in carrying out voluminous translation projects, and see to itthat these tasks vvere accomplished. They vvould also determine rules ofgrammar, punctuation, and usage. A lexicon of Turkish vvords and termsthat vvere either obsolete or had been modifıed in meaning över time vvasproduced by combing 160 Turkish vvorks produced since the thirteenthcentury. The first edition vvas published piecemeal, betvveen 1943 and1957. each volume contained alphabetically arranged vocabulary fromworks combed up-to-date. The second edition incorporated 67 additionalvvorks. The vocabulary vvas integrated into an alphabetically arrangedpresentation of eight volumes, including an index. (TANIKLARIYLETARAMA SÖZLÜĞÜ. Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, Ankara, 1988).By 1946, the reforms vvere in place and part of the constitution. TheRepublic had been tested, and remained sound. Unlike European regimesthat had moved tovvards totalitarianism and then eventually collapsed, theTurkish Cumhuriyet matured. Progressively it became more liberal andopen to a vvider spectrum of opinions, ideas, practices. The move to amulti-party system vvas a sign of confidence in vvhat had been achieved.Democracy vvas healthy. The assimilation of the reforms into the lifestylepatterns of society, the adjustments, disruptions, ruptures that society experiencedin years of turmoil vvas detached from the comforting, customarylabels. Linguistic modes and patterns change at a slovv pace. Perceptionof cultural threat makes each generation adhere to the schooling itreceived. Though the political and institutional demişe of the OttomanEmpire vvas clearly irriversible, the generation that experienced the transitionthought of the past as it had learned about it, in the traditional culturedidiom. There vvas resistance to abandoning the language that hadshaped their cultural identity. Yet that break vvas essential for the culturaltransition to nationalism and moderaity that came vvith the Republic. Andthose vvho experienced the rebirth of the Turkish nation savv the need forsustained reform. As Nurullah Ataç pointed out, reforms had to be adoptedholistically. The issue vvas not one of esthetic preference but active,deliberate, committed loyalty to innovation, to the reforms.Change in the script- alphabet reform- vvas not just a sharp breakfrom the shared script of islam, but became an on-going, persistent iconfor the accurate and uniform pronunciation of the Turkish language.802