PDF Dosyası - Ankara Üniversitesi Kitaplar Veritabanı

Civil marriage was introduced.From January, 1, 1929, the law of "Turkish citizenship" was introduced.Mustafa Kemal directed his policy forwards recreating the system ofeducation. A great many foreign specialists vvere invited to the country,nevv curricula vvere elaborated, a unified elementary school vvas formed"ilk okul", 5-year schooling system vvas introduced.Teacher's salaries of lyceum and schools got raised.Nevv teacher-training colleges for girls vvere opened in istanbul andAnkara; library vvork vvas ameliorated, sports vvas centralized.Kemal follovvers carried out cultural reforms, vvhich helped Turkeyto do avvay vvith mediaeral backvvardness.The Turk village cultural advance vvas especially naticeable.The Turk republic foreign policy vvas greatly changed, KemalAtatürk developed entirely nevv principles of foreign policy; the solutionof those issues, vvhich remained unsolved at the Lozana conference, becamethe most important task of the Turkish foreign policy. The firstamong them vvas the problem of Iraq-Turkey border-the tovvn of Mosuli.In 1924-27 Turkey established diplomatic relations vvith Poland, Albany,Hungary, Australia, Svveden, Netherlands, Spain, Czechoslovakia,Bulgaria and other s.On the vvhole, the aim of Turkish foreign policy vvas to establishfood neighbourly relations especially vvith neighbouring countries. MustafaKemal has alvvasys emphasized this task. He noted that Turkey "isimmediately interested in establishing good-neighbourly friendly relationsvvith Balkan neighbours". It is natural that this question did notmean Balkans only, Georgia vvas also neighbouring to Turkey country,though at this time Georgia had lost its state independence. It had byforce been placed in the structure of the Soviet Union, hovvever Turkeyhad never lost interest in Georgia. And Georgia, on its part, did not havethe right to establish independent relationship vvith Turkey.In spite of this, an agreement vvas signed betvveen Turkey and Georgiain the tovvn of Karse, knovvn as the Karse agreement. Mustafa Kemaldid not limit himself by deeping the relations vvith just the Europeanstates. He vvas likevvise interested in strengthening relations vvith Asiancountries, namely, vvith Iran and Afganistan, as vvell as vvith orientalcountries.307