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pean Union, constitute factors vvhich do not allovv us to accept unconditionally-today- this last appraisal of the Ambassador:"And vvhat surprises me the most is that ali this -but-for the final coatof the consciences, vvhere no State reaches is already lasting half a century,thirty fıve years after its founder's demişe, vvho died prematurely in1938. What is essential stili survives. The reforms, vvhich had been adoptedever since by almost ali other Müslim countries vvhich opposed themmore fiercely are irreversible. They have also been eventually acceptedeven by countries vvhich at a certain time rose against vvho, vvithout thegenius of Atatürk, tried to impose them upon their people vvith the samehaste'" 5 .There exists a debate över the Kemalist phenomenon in Turkish history,as it is vvell knovvn by professional Turkologists: vvas it an ex novorevolution, or the culmination of a reformist process vvith Ottoman rootssuch as the Tanzimat, the constiutionalism of Abdul Hamid II's kingdomand, fınally, the movement of the "Young Turks" led by Enver Pasha in1908? 16 .I vvill not make the blunder of dvvelling further on an issue so hard tocrack and about vvhich I am acquainted just vvith its most naked parts. Atany rate, the issue has been brought to the forefront for a detailed explanationby someone vvith a high command on this issue on vvhich I havebeen requested these pages of remembrance.It is yet to be studied by us, Spaniards, the acquis of dispatches, letters,notes, minutes that Garcıa Gömez discharged över his seven-yearstay in Turkey. The anuolated edition of this documentary volume vvillprovide some joys -because of the articulation of the Ambassador- andsurprises -över the state of the Spanish- Turkish relations in the sixties 17 .That is, vvhen a more intense exchange betvveen the tvvo countries at bothends of the Mediterranean seemed to begin.It is hovvever neither too difficult nor a daring task to imagine the depictionthat Mr. Emilio made of the bubbling political and social scene ofthat fledgling secular Republie vvhich had been ruled vvith an iron-first by15. In "Forevvord" ut supra, p. XVII.16. A rich bibliographic guide on the subject, in Abraham BOUDIRGIL, Mustafa KemalAtatürk: a Centennial Bibliography, 1984. A recent study, vvhich ineluded theapproaches of DUMONT and GEORGEON, DODD and ZURCHER, in MenterŞAHİNLER, Origine, influence et aetualite du kemalisme. Paris, Publisud, 1995.17. As vvell as the databank in the "Political" Seçti on of the Diplomatic Archive of theSanta Cruz Palace, the databank on Foreign Policy of the General Archive of the Administrationin Akala de Henares y the archive of the former Spanish-Arab Instituteof Culture could be rich sources for the researeher.719