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citizens regardless of their ethnic origins. But this acknowledgment is relativizedin the follovving manner: "they have been absorbed as Turks, ifonly as linguistically, socially, and culturally primitive versions of Turks,for instance as "Alpine Turks" 39 . It is particularly provocative when of alipeople a German exercises such a diffuse criticism, especially one vvhofınds the 'Aryan' Kurds "closer to the Germans than to the Turks". Becausethese experts see a contradiction betvveen being a Kurd an beingloyal to the Turkish state, they cali Turkish statesmen of Kurdish origin'traitors' to their race 40 .IIIIt is not only through use of 'ethnic' (i.e. racist) arguments that Germanjournalism throvvs the Kemalist nation state into question. In pastyears it has been asserted in Germany that the Kemalist state has from thevery beginning been the state of Sunnite Turks. For example, Udo Steinbachhas claimed that Mustafa Kemal had conceived of a Turkey invvhich the only genuine citizens vvere Sunnites of Turkish origin:"The task is to create an arrangement that is consistent withthe multi-ethnic and multicultural realities of Turkey. Turkey nolonger owes it legitimization as a nation to the fact' that it is astate of Sunnite Turks, as was conceived ofby the founder of thenation and as perpetuated by a generation of 'Kemalists'. Anincreasing number of Kurds and Alawites (as the two largestminorities) exhibit a self-conscious independent ethnic (national)and cultural (religious) identity"".This thesis has also found a large degree of acceptance in the press.In the vveekly nevvspaper die Zeit, one of most reputable in Germany, aGreek author vvrote: "The state of Atatürk rests solely on Sunnite Turks;only they are truly citizens 42 .A researcher vvho has vvritten his doctoral thesis on Turkey and vvhois novv vvorking at the German Eastern Institute in istanbul, has spoken of'a nation founded on belief as constituting the Kemalist model of nationhood.The young scholar claims that, from the outset, the Kemalist stateenvisioned Sunnite islam as the basis of the nation and uses this as criteriafor evaluating the political reliability of its citizens 43 . Here, the phenomenonof a politicized islam, vvhich has also made itself visible in Tur-39. Udo Steinbach: Europas Brücke zur islamischen Welt. Die Türkei auf 1dentitatssuche,in: Blâtter für deutsche und internationale Politik, 10/1996, p. 1236.40. Wolfgang Koydl: Hikmet Çetin. Neuer türkischer Parlamentsprasident, SZ,29.10.1997.41. Udo Steinbach: Europas Brücke..., loc. cit., p. 1238.42. Gregor M. Manousakis: Gute Freunde verschliefien die Augen, Die Zeit, 30/05/1997.43. Günter Seufert: Cafe İstanbul, loc. cit., p. 61.826