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CHINESE VIEWS OF ATATÜRK ANDMODERN TURKEYProf. Dr. Zheng-hua DONG*China and Turkey are tvvo countries both vvith ancient civilizations inthe medieval vvorld. In recent centuries they struggled unremittingly fortheir national rejuvenation, sharing the same kind of historical experiences.Turkey vvas noticed by the famous Late-Qing Reform leaders KangYouvvei and Liang Qichao and has ever attracted the attention of Chineseelite since then. At the end of World War II, the Turkish people and TurkishNationalist military forces defended their national independence andthen established the Republie of Turkey successfully under the leadershipof Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. These events in modern Turkey evoked strongrepercussions in China. Since that time, many Chinese intellectuals haveconcerned themselves vvith the rise and development of modern Turkeyalthough there have been troubles in the developing route of these tvvocountries and in the relationship betvveen them. In order to revievv this researchfield, the author of this paper collected the literatüre on Atatürkand modern Turkey, totally about tvvo hundreds ineluding monographs,academic theses, general comments and introduetions, vvhich vvere publishedin various periods and in different publications. The vievvpoints ofthese vvorks are not unanimous, but most of them identical in appraisingthe valor, vvisdom and the great achievements of Atatürk, the Turkishpeople and the National Army.The Chinese intelligentsia has begun to pay elose attention to Turkeysince late 1918. 'The Eastern Miscellany' (Dongfang zazhi), a famousmagazine published in Shanghai in the years 1904-1948, carried a seriesof articles from No.8 of Vol. 15 (August 15th, 1918) to No.24 of Vol. 18(Dec.25th, 1921), ali shovved indignation against the imperialist aggressorsand hearty sympathy for the invaded Turkish people. The final victoryof Turkish independence War in September, 1922 inspired both theradicals and the liberals in China. 'Guide' (Xiangdao), a vveekly Commu-Deputy Director, Center for Studies of World Modernization Process, Department ofHistory, Beijing University.1.669