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stitution. In 1992, the Government of India passed the Panchayat Raj Bili(73rd Amendment) to provide greater constitutional and legal support toPRIs to make them effective local governing agencies. The Act providedreservation of 30% seats for women, inclusion of Gram Sabha concept,reservation for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, option for state toadopt 2 tier or 3 tier Panchayat system, holding of elections to Panchayats,setting up of State Finance Commission, and listing of various socioeconomicprogrammes. This legal foundation has revitalized the ailingPRIs in the country. The main objective about the programme among ruralpeople, thereby helping in its implementation. The Panchayat Raj Acthas assigned a detailed list of functions to three tiers. There are also provisionsenabling government to entrust additional functions and responsibilitiesunder any lavv or lavvs for the time being and issue necessary ordersand directions. In Schedule XI of the Indian Constitution PRIs havebeen conceived as 'institutions self government' vvhich vvill formulateand implement the schemes of economic development and social justice.The Panchayat Raj is useful effort for prompt rural developmentvvith the cooperation of local people. Hovvever, this system has faced theproblem of lack of fund, lack of co-ordination and autonomy. In India,state government is empovvered to decide about the functions and responsibilitiesof these bodies. There are instances of state government exercisingadministrative control över the local bodies through guidelines, grantssystem, confirmation of by lavvs, approval of schemes, borrovving, auditof accounts statutory consultations, approval of budget, ete. The rural localbodies are also quite effectively controlled by Deputy Commissionersin India vvho have extensive povvers vis-a-vis Panchayats and PanchayatSamitis. Novv due to open participation of political parties in PanchayatiRaj institution, democracy is being institutionalized at grassroots level.Panchayat Raj System's success in Indian states like West Bengal, Kerala,Karnataka, Rajasthan and Aldhra Pradesh and greater participation ofpeople in Panchayat elections have ultimately contributed to state-societyrelationship.There are certain other important areas in vvhich both Turkey and Indiaseem to have progressed to strengthen state - society relationship. Anattempt is being made to discuss them briefly. Both Turkish and IndianConstitutions have substantial provisions on rights and duties. Fundamentalrights and freedoms in Turkey may be restricted by lavv in national interest.Whereas fundamental rights in India aim at fostering social revolutionby creating a society egalitarian to the extent that ali the citizensvvere equally free from the coercion or restriction of the state and libertyvvas no longer a privilege of fevv. Besides, the Directive Principles ofState Policy aim at realising the high ideals of justice, liberty, equalityand fraternity as outlined in the Preamble to the Constitution.Second, the TGNA is among those southern European legislativesystems vvhich may be said to have undergone prolonged periods of insti-664