PDF Dosyası - Ankara Üniversitesi Kitaplar Veritabanı

Spiritual function of the protector of the Fatih of islam. More concretelythe Sultan vvas the protector of tvvo Harams-namely Makkah al Mukarramahand Madina al Munavvara. introduction of Secularism did avvay vviththe Spiritual povvers flovving out of istanbul.Secularism did not davvn suddenly in Turkey. There is a vvhole historyof interaction vvith the vvest as the Ottoman Empire lived side by sidevvith European Empires. Ideas flovved freely. The French Revolutionleading to the separation of the Church and the State had a deep impacton the Ottoman Empire. In the early tvventieth century the Young Turksstarted agaitating for a more open society.introduction of secularism vvas a logical continuation of vvhat hadpreceded in Turkey. It is interesting that since its introduction the Turkshave never looked back. It is undoubted that secularism has transformedTurkish society like no other single event has. It has in a real sense createda chasm in the vvay of thinking of the Turks and their immediate Arabneighbours. Insisting on the argument that islam is a complete code oflife, Arabs have rejected secularism- that is separation of religion fromstate affairs. In the political arena of Turkey there are signs that the politicalparties are coming to terms vvith secularism. indeed there is no moreopen opposition to secularism as vvas evident until recently.In Bengal although the dominat majority is Müslim, a secular threadhas run ali along history. The vvritings of authors reveal a secularizingtrend. In 1926 Kazi Abdul Wadud, a great exponent of free thought andan eminent Bengali Müslim scholar read out an article in a gathering ofintellectuals. The article entitled "A fevv vvords on Mustafa Kemal" gaveopen support to Mustafa Kemal's religious reforms. While congratulatingMustafa Kemal for his liberal outlook, the author expressed that his compatriotsvvould be able to appreciate the reasons behind Atatürk's onslaughtagainst blind fanaticism and traditional superstitions and accepthis reforms vvithout any hesitation. An eminent journalist and author MuhammadNsiruddin, vvho died recently after completing a hundred yearsvvrote an article on the 14th anniversary of the Turkish Republic. The articleentitled "Adhunik Turashka" (Modern Turkey) appeared in 1937, thatis a year before the death of Atatürk. He vvrote "Turkey has accepted thedifferent aspects of European civilization vvithout surrendering her ovvncultural identity. Critics vvho have failed to grasp the true spirit of thenevv reforms, have expressed the vievv that the nevvly-avvakened Turkishnation are not follovving strictly the tenets of the religion of islam. Thismisleading conclusion has been reached through the errors of judgment.It must be emphasised, that is true, that Turkey has eliminated the banefulinfluence of the bigoted and reactionary mullahs, but it has certainly notrenounced the immortal message of islam".734